Progress in graphene quantum dots, graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide based materials for chemoresistive gas sensors

The presences of the toxic/poisonous gases and hazardous chemicals in the environment have been considered dangerous for human health, environment and aquatic life. The monitoring of such hazardous gases and chemicals are of great importance for medical diagnosis and pollution control. In the past few years, carbon based materials such as graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and graphene quantum dots (GQDs) and their hybrid composites are widely used for gas sensing applications. The graphene and its derivatives (GQDs, GO and rGO) have appeared as highly attractive solutions for the development of efficient sensors. These materials offer unique structural properties, exceptional sensing performance, and the ability to operate at room temperature, which significantly reduces power consumption. Their versatility and promising properties make them promising alternatives to traditional materials in gas sensing applications. Therefore, this review discusses the research progress explored in previous years on GQDs, GO and rGO for sensing of various gases and vapors such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen, nitric oxide, acetone, acetaldehyde and ethanol etc. It also highlights the mechanisms underlying their sensing performance, advancements and potential applications of these materials in gas detection.