Artificial intelligence in academic libraries – a tool, a collaborator, an adversary? A Delphi study of university librarians in Poland

Like many other institutions, academic libraries face the opportunities and threats associated with implementing AI. The practical application of this technology is decided by managers based on their knowledge and experience, for example, by introducing technologies that are common today but were once innovative, such as social media. The aim of this study is to learn the opinions and attitudes of academic librarianship experts in Poland, which reveal the potential and possible barriers to AI. Such knowledge will, in turn, allow for the building of competencies and the development of positive attitudes based on knowledge rather than prejudice or stereotypes. Due to the selected population, the Delphi method was used to collect data. Quantitative analysis of responses to questionnaire statements was applied, and the thematic narrative method was used to analyze comments. The results show a realistic (as of the moment) perception of AI as a tool rather than a partner in library work. They also reveal certain concerns and beliefs that may negatively affect the adaptation of AI in libraries. The knowledge gained forms the basis for recommendations regarding the process of implementing AI in libraries and, more broadly, in scientific communication.