ParaEgg对肠道蠕虫病的诊断性能评价：与常规共原显微镜的比较研究

IF 2 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Parasite Epidemiology and Control Pub Date : 2025-07-15 DOI:10.1016/j.parepi.2025.e00449

Tilak Chandra Nath , Heeil Lee , Md. Mahamudul Hasan , Tanmoy Roy Rudro , Dipta Das , Md. Taufiqur Rahman , Nandiny Saha Roy , Pritha Parial , Proloy Chakraborty Tusher , Tarek Siddiki

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引用次数: 0

摘要

肠道蠕虫病在孟加拉国仍然是一个重大的公共卫生问题，影响人类和动物。传统的共镜检查方法虽然广泛使用，但往往缺乏敏感性，特别是在感染率和感染强度较低的地区。ParaEgg是一种新的诊断工具，旨在提高共显微检测的效率。本研究旨在评价ParaEgg在检测人类和狗肠道蠕虫感染方面的诊断性能，并与常用的传统方法进行比较。方法于2024年8月至11月对100份人粪便和100份狗粪便进行横断面研究。将ParaEgg与福尔马林-醚浓度法（FET）、硝酸钠浮选法（SNF）、原田森法（HM）和Kato-Katz涂片法（KK）进行比较。对于动物样本，ParaEgg对FET、SNF和HM进行了评估。采用敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值（PPV）和阴性预测值（NPV）评估诊断效果，所有方法的综合结果作为金标准。此外，使用自然感染和实验播种（滴虫和蛔虫卵）的粪便样本评估ParaEgg的功效。结果人、犬寄生虫总感染率分别为24%和53%。在人体内检测到5种寄生虫属（蛔虫属、毛虫属、肠虫属、钩虫属和膜孔虫属），在狗体内检测到6种寄生虫属（弓形虫属、毛孔虫属、肺虫属、钩虫属、蛔虫属和膜孔虫属）。在人类中，ParaEgg检测到24%的阳性病例，紧随Kato-Katz Smear（26%）之后，优于FET（18%）、SNF（19%）和HM（9%）。在动物样本中，ParaEgg表现出优异的性能，与FET（48%）、SNF（45%）和HM（29%）相比，识别出53%的阳性病例。ParaEgg检测的敏感性为85.7%，特异性为95.5%，与Kato-Katz涂片检测的敏感性为93.7%，特异性为95.5%。NPV（80.1%）和PPV（97.1%）进一步证实了其诊断的可靠性。在实验种子样品中，ParaEgg对滴虫卵的回收率为81.5%，蛔虫卵的回收率为89.0%。结论ParaEgg是一种有效的诊断工具，可与Kato-Katz涂片相媲美，优于传统方法。它检测混合感染的能力、卵子回收率以及对人类和动物样本的高灵敏度，强调了它在现场环境中广泛应用的潜力。

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Diagnostic performance evaluation of ParaEgg for identifying intestinal helminthiasis: A comparative study with conventional copromicroscopy

Background

Intestinal helminthiasis remains a significant public health concern in Bangladesh, affecting both humans and animals. Conventional copromicroscopic methods, though widely used, often lack sensitivity, particularly in areas with low prevalence and intensity of infection. ParaEgg, a new diagnostic tool, has been developed to improve the efficiency of copromicroscopic detection. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of ParaEgg in detecting intestinal helminth infections in humans and dogs compared to commonly used traditional methods.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted from August to November 2024, analyzing 100 human stool samples and 100 dog fecal samples. For human samples, ParaEgg was compared with Formalin-Ether Concentration Technique (FET), Sodium Nitrate Flotation (SNF), Harada Mori Technique (HM), and Kato-Katz Smear (KK). For animal samples, ParaEgg was evaluated against FET, SNF, and HM. Diagnostic performance was assessed using sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV), with the composite results of all methods serving as the gold standard. Additionally, ParaEgg's efficacy was evaluated using naturally infected and experimentally seeded (Trichuris and Ascaris eggs) fecal samples.

Results

The overall helminth infection rates were 24 % in humans and 53 % in dogs. In humans, five types of helminth genera (Ascaris, Trichuris, Enterobius, hookworm, and Hymenolepis) were detected, while six genera (Toxocara, Trichuris, Spirometra, hookworm, Alaria, and Hymenolepis) were identified in dogs. In human, ParaEgg detected 24 % of positive cases, closely following Kato-Katz Smear (26 %) and outperforming FET (18 %), SNF (19 %), and HM (9 %). In animal samples, ParaEgg demonstrated superior performance, identifying 53 % of positive cases compared to FET (48 %), SNF (45 %), and HM (29 %). ParaEgg exhibited a sensitivity of 85.7 % and specificity of 95.5 %, closely matching Kato-Katz Smear (sensitivity: 93.7 %, specificity: 95.5 %). Its NPV (80.1 %) and PPV (97.1 %) further confirmed its diagnostic reliability. In experimentally seeded samples, ParaEgg achieved 81.5 % recovery for Trichuris eggs and 89.0 % for Ascaris eggs.

Conclusion

These findings highlight ParaEgg as an effective diagnostic tool, comparable to Kato-Katz Smear and superior to traditional methods. Its ability to detect mixed infections, egg recovery rate and its high sensitivity in both human and animal samples underscore its potential for widespread application in field settings.

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来源期刊

Parasite Epidemiology and Control Medicine-Infectious Diseases

CiteScore

5.70

自引率

3.10%

发文量

审稿时长

17 weeks

期刊介绍： Parasite Epidemiology and Control is an Open Access journal. There is an increasing amount of research in the parasitology area that analyses the patterns, causes, and effects of health and disease conditions in defined populations. This epidemiology of parasite infectious diseases is predominantly studied in human populations but also spans other major hosts of parasitic infections and as such this journal will have a broad remit. We will focus on the major areas of epidemiological study including disease etiology, disease surveillance, drug resistance and geographical spread and screening, biomonitoring, and comparisons of treatment effects in clinical trials for both human and other animals. We will also look at the epidemiology and control of vector insects. The journal will also cover the use of geographic information systems (Epi-GIS) for epidemiological surveillance which is a rapidly growing area of research in infectious diseases. Molecular epidemiological approaches are also particularly encouraged.