8799名10-19岁儿童和青少年在纯素、素食或杂食饮食后动机和基本健康行为的差异

IF 3.2 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Current Developments in Nutrition Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI:10.1016/j.cdnut.2025.107498

Katharina C Wirnitzer , Derrick R Tanous , Clemens Drenowatz , Gerold Wirnitzer , Manuel Schätzer , Gerhard Ruedl , Werner Kirschner

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引用次数: 0

摘要

作为健康饮食习惯趋势的一部分，年轻一代似乎正在推动更可持续的食品生产。从中学年龄开始长期可持续的健康行为可能有助于慢性非传染性疾病的生命周期预防。目的分析中学生纯素、素食和杂食饮食的动机和主要健康行为。方法本研究采用多层次整群抽样策略进行横断面研究。奥地利的中学生（一年级和二年级）被要求独立或在家长/监护人或教师的监督下完成一份在线调查问卷，包括关于个人特征、体育活动水平、营养习惯、饮食动机以及酒精和尼古丁习惯的问题。统计学分析采用χ2和方差分析检验。结果小学生8799人，其中男生3249人；5550名女生)，平均年龄15.1±2.3岁，分为纯素食（1.6%）、素食（5.6%）和杂食（92.8%）。男孩更有可能遵循杂食性饮食(97%；P & lt;0.01)。健康是整个样本中坚持饮食的主要动机(33.6%；2959)。运动表现是纯素饮食亚组的主要饮食动机（20.1%）。遵循纯素饮食的学生在休闲时间最活跃(86.6%；P & lt;0.01)，周内最稳定活跃(3.4±1.2 d/周；P & lt;0.01)，每日水果和蔬菜摄入量的患病率在纯素亚组之间最高(81.7%和80.3%；P & lt;0.01)，其次是素食亚组（72.4%和84.2%）。结论：这是第一次调查纯素食、素食和杂食在小学生饮食动机和基本健康行为上的差异。研究结果表明，在儿童和青少年时期遵循纯素饮食与更有利的基本健康行为选择有关。

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Difference in Motives and Basic Health Behavior of 8799 Children and Adolescents Aged 10–19 Years Following a Vegan, Vegetarian, or Omnivorous Diet

Background

Young generations appear to be pushing for more sustainable food production as part of the trend toward healthier dietary habits. Long-term sustainable healthy behavior from secondary school ages may contribute to the life course prevention of chronic, noncommunicable diseases.

Objectives

The present study aimed to analyze the motivations and key health behaviors of secondary school pupils following vegan, vegetarian, and omnivorous diets.

Methods

The present study was conducted cross-sectionally with a multi-level, cluster sampling strategy. Secondary school pupils (levels I and II) in Austria were requested to complete an online questionnaire independently or with parent/guardian or teacher supervision, including questions on personal characteristics, physical activity levels, nutrition habits, dietary motives, and alcohol and nicotine habits. The statistical analysis was performed with χ² and analysis of variance tests.

Results

A total of 8799 pupils (3249 boys; 5550 girls) with an mean age of 15.1 ± 2.3 y were classified into the vegan (1.6%), vegetarian (5.6%), or omnivorous diet (92.8%). Boys were found to be more likely to follow an omnivorous diet (97%; P < 0.01). Health was the leading motivation for dietary adherence across the total sample (33.6%; 2959). Sports performance was a leading dietary motivation among the vegan diet subgroup (20.1%). Pupils following a vegan diet were the most active during leisure time (86.6%; P < 0.01) and the most consistently active across the week (3.4 ± 1.2 d/wk; P < 0.01), and the prevalence of daily fruit and vegetable intake was the highest between the vegan subgroup (81.7% and 80.3%; P < 0.01) followed by the vegetarian subgroup (72.4% and 84.2%).

Conclusions

This is the first investigation to examine the differences in motives and basic health behavior between vegan, vegetarian, and omnivorous diets in school pupils. The findings indicate that following a vegan diet during childhood and adolescence is associated with more advantageous basic health behavioral choices.

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