智力残疾成人的进食和吞咽障碍：相关因素

IF 1.9 3区医学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, EDUCATIONAL

Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities Pub Date : 2025-07-17 DOI:10.1111/jar.70092

Richella Kloppers, Dederieke A. M. Festen, Sandra Mergler

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景：进食和吞咽障碍(FSD)-吞咽困难在智力残疾的成年人中很常见，并且经常被照顾者忽视。目的探讨成人智障患者在日常生活中与FSD相关的临床因素。方法收集医学档案的横断面资料。此外，还向主要照顾者发送了一份数字问卷。对预先确定的相关临床变量进行Logistic回归分析。结果共纳入106例参与者（年龄19 ~ 89岁），其中54%的参与者被归类为FSD。与FSD呈正相关的变量是增加用餐时间支持需求（p = 0.000），咳嗽（p = 0.004），填塞食物（p = 0.027）和患有严重的深度智力残疾（p = 0.001）。抗精神病药物的使用与FSD呈负相关（p = 0.024）。结论FSD在成人智力障碍患者中较为常见，与进餐时支持需求、咳嗽、填塞食物、智力障碍严重程度和抗精神病药物的使用有关。

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Feeding and Swallowing Disorder in Adults With Intellectual Disabilities: Associated Factors

Background

Feeding and swallowing disorders (FSD)-dysphagia are common in adults with intellectual disabilities and frequently overseen by caregivers.

Aim

To determine the clinical factors that are relevant in daily practise associated with FSD in adults with intellectual disabilities.

Method

Cross-sectional data were collected from medical files. In addition, a digital questionnaire was sent to the primary caregiver. Logistic regression analysis was performed on beforehand determined and associated clinical variables.

Results

In total, 106 participants (age 19 to 89) were included, and 54% of these participants were classified as having FSD. Variables positively associated with FSD were increasing mealtime support needs (p = 0.000), coughing (p = 0.004), cramming food (p = 0.027) and having severe-profound intellectual disability (p = 0.001). The use of antipsychotic medication was negatively associated with FSD (p = 0.024).

Conclusion

FSD is common in adults with intellectual disabilities and is associated with mealtime support needs, coughing, cramming food, the severity of intellectual disability, and the use of antipsychotic medication.

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来源期刊

Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities Multiple-

CiteScore

4.70

自引率

12.50%

发文量

期刊介绍： JARID is an international, peer-reviewed journal which draws together findings derived from original applied research in intellectual disabilities. The journal is an important forum for the dissemination of ideas to promote valued lifestyles for people with intellectual disabilities. It reports on research from the UK and overseas by authors from all relevant professional disciplines. It is aimed at an international, multi-disciplinary readership. Topics covered include community living, quality of life, challenging behaviour, communication, sexuality, medication, ageing, supported employment, family issues, mental health, physical health, autism, economic issues, social networks, staff stress, staff training, epidemiology and service provision.