The novel technique for surgical simulation training of patient-specific silicone models of pediatric congenital choledochal cysts.

Purpose: This study was aimed to design a patient-specific models of pediatric congenital choledochal cysts(CCC) for surgical simulation training.

Methods: Seventeen children suffering from CCC were included in this study. Liver and hepatic hilum structures were generated as standard parts by traditional silicone casting after 3D printing via digital imaging. Moreover, the choledochal cyst was produced as an individualized part by the silicone shaking technique and soft resin printing. Afterwards, the two model parts were assembled for laparoscopic surgical simulation. Surgical excision and suturing, and usability were evaluated. P < 0.05 was considered to indicate a significant difference.

Results: Compared with those of the digital models, the liver well and hepatic hilum structures produced were more aesthetically pleasing. Moreover, cyst models were produced accordingly. In addition, silicone models have good mechanical properties and lower costs than resins and TPU powder, and silicone models are recommended as useful tools for presurgical simulated planning. The results also showed good feedback of cutting and suturing with good face validity and usability after the simulation was complete.

Conclusions: It is feasible that the application of the silicone shaking technique can produce a hollow individualized model of CCC for surgical simulation and medical training.