Blockchain technology in the food supply chain: a way towards circular economy and sustainability

The current status of the global food supply chain offers several challenges, particularly those related to traceability, transparency, and sustainability. Blockchain technology is recognized as a revolutionary tool that can revolutionize a wide range of sectors, and its implementation in food supply chains shows immense potential for improving circular economy practices and ensuring sustainability. The implementation of blockchain technology in the food supply chain and its tremendous influence on building a more sustainable and circular economy are examined in this review paper. Blockchain, with its decentralized and transparent characteristics, provides a unique approach for improving traceability and decreasing fraud in the food supply chain. This article investigates the many ways in which blockchain, including smart contracts, might increase efficiency and encourage sustainable behavior, eventually decreasing waste. Furthermore, the paper discusses the intriguing prospects of combining blockchain with cutting-edge technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) to transform the food supply chain. Furthermore, using examples, we examine real-world applications, advantages, and constraints of blockchain adoption in the food business. The report finishes with insights into blockchain technology's possible future as an amplifier for increasing transparency, traceability, waste reduction, and improved sustainability in the worldwide food industry.