农村高中教育持续推广对卫生保健职业态度的持续影响:定性试点研究。

IF 2 Q3 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES
Rebecca Bolen, Meagan Flesch, Jerrica Dennis, Logan Shouse, Mark Payton, David Ross
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:农村社区在招聘和留住卫生保健专业人员方面面临着持续的挑战。研究表明,来自农村背景的人更有可能回到这些地区实习,但大多数现有的管道项目侧重于本科生和医学院学生,而不是高中生。早期接触医疗保健职业是至关重要的,因为许多学生在进入大学时就已经选择了自己的职业道路。之前在2020年进行的一项研究分析了新罕布什尔州一所农村高中一次教育研讨会的效果。结果显示学生对卫生保健领域有较好的了解。目的:本研究评估了一项正在进行的教育推广计划的影响,该计划旨在向农村高中学生介绍不同的卫生保健专业。方法:本研究于2023年9月至12月在科罗拉多州Kremmling的一所农村高中West Grand High School进行。干预包括4个月的疗程,每个疗程侧重于不同的医学专业——初级保健、运动医学、皮肤病学和神经病学。这些课程由二年级医学生领导,概述了常见疾病、治疗方法和患者护理中涉及的各种卫生保健角色。参与者完成了会前和会后的调查,评估他们对医疗保健事业的兴趣,感知到的障碍,以及回到农村家乡实践的可能性。在最后一届会议4个月后进行了一项后续调查,以评估长期影响。结果:虽然个别会议调查显示没有显著变化,但在整个演讲过程中,追求医疗保健事业的总体兴趣和可能性显著增加(P=。03和P=。分别为04)。然而,在学生返回农村家乡实习的可能性或他们认为获得卫生保健事业资源的可能性方面没有显著变化。财务限制(43/66,65%)被认为是最大的障碍,其次是缺乏曝光(19/66,29%)和支持(17/66,26%),而兴趣和教育是最不可能被视为障碍的。结论:本研究强调了在农村社区早期和持续的推广工作的重要性,以提高对各种卫生保健职业途径的认识。虽然短期教育干预可以对职业兴趣产生积极影响,但长期指导和结构化支持系统对于促进对农村卫生保健职业的持续承诺至关重要。未来的举措应整合财务咨询、持续指导以及与现有农村管道项目的合作,以提高此类干预措施的有效性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Continuous Rural High School Educational Outreach and Lasting Impact on Health Care Career Attitudes: Qualitative Pilot Study.

Background: Rural communities face persistent challenges in recruiting and retaining health care professionals. Research has shown that individuals from rural backgrounds are more likely to return to practice in these areas, yet most existing pipeline programs focus on undergraduate and medical students rather than high school students. Early exposure to health care careers is essential, as many students have already selected their career paths by the time they enter college. A previous study conducted in 2020 analyzed the effects of a single educational workshop at a rural high school in New Hampshire. The results suggested that students had a better understanding of the health care field.

Objective: This study evaluates the impact of an ongoing educational outreach program designed to introduce rural high school students to diverse health care professions.

Methods: This study was conducted at West Grand High School, a rural high school in Kremmling, Colorado, between September and December 2023. The intervention consisted of 4 monthly sessions, each focusing on a different medical specialty-primary care, sports medicine, dermatology, and neurology. These sessions, led by second-year medical students, provided an overview of common conditions, treatment approaches, and various health care roles involved in patient care. Participants completed pre- and postsession surveys assessing their interest in health care careers, perceived barriers, and likelihood of returning to their rural hometown to practice. A follow-up survey was conducted 4 months after the final session to assess long-term impact.

Results: While individual session surveys showed no significant changes, overall interest in and likelihood of pursuing a health care career increased significantly over the course of the presentation series (P=.03 and P=.04, respectively). However, there was no significant change in students' likelihood of returning to their rural hometowns to practice or their perceived access to resources for a health care career. Financial constraints (43/66, 65%) were identified as the most significant barrier, followed by lack of exposure (19/66, 29%) and support (17/66, 26%), while interest and education were least likely perceived as obstacles.

Conclusions: This study highlights the importance of early and sustained outreach efforts in rural communities to increase awareness of diverse health care career pathways. While short-term educational interventions can positively influence career interest, long-term mentorship and structured support systems are essential for fostering a sustained commitment to rural health care careers. Future initiatives should integrate financial counseling, ongoing mentorship, and collaborations with existing rural pipeline programs to enhance the effectiveness of such interventions.

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来源期刊
JMIR Formative Research
JMIR Formative Research Medicine-Medicine (miscellaneous)
CiteScore
2.70
自引率
9.10%
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579
审稿时长
12 weeks
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