Lee Ryan, Matthew D De Both, Megan Johnson, Siobhan M Hoscheidt, Saurabh Sharma, Darian Chambers, Stephanie Matijevic, Matthew Huentelman
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Understanding the complexity of cognitive aging is critical for developing individualized interventions aimed at promoting brain and cognitive health across the lifespan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a fully web-based platform, MindCrowd-Expanded, we examined associations between age, sex, educational attainment and cognitive performance in a large cohort of participants, ages 18 to 100. Tests were included from five cognitive domains - associative memory, information processing speed, and three components of executive function - inhibition, updating/working memory, and set shifting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Increased age was associated with poorer performance across all domains, especially in conditions that reflected increased task complexity. Age effects were not confined to the 6th decade and beyond, but were evident across the entire age range in a relatively linear fashion. Considerable individual differences in performance were also observed, especially among older adults. We also report robust sex effects that depended on the task - males showed faster simple response times than females, while females outperformed males on associative memory. Increased level of educational attainment showed small but consistent benefits across all domains.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study adds to a growing body of research demonstrating the feasibility and utility of online cognitive testing for reaching large cohorts of individuals across the adult lifespan. We report findings that mirror the existing literature on cognitive aging, but also provide unique insights into the trajectory of cognitive functioning. We discuss the benefits, challenges, and future promise of web-based testing.</p>","PeriodicalId":12662,"journal":{"name":"Gerontology","volume":" ","pages":"1-33"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"MindCrowd-Expanded: An online multi-domain assessment of cognitive aging.\",\"authors\":\"Lee Ryan, Matthew D De Both, Megan Johnson, Siobhan M Hoscheidt, Saurabh Sharma, Darian Chambers, Stephanie Matijevic, Matthew Huentelman\",\"doi\":\"10.1159/000547246\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Numerous factors, including some modifiable factors as well as demographic factors, are associated with risk for age-related cognitive impairment. Evaluating the complex interaction of these factors and their trajectories across the adult lifespan requires large sample sizes with diverse cohorts. Online research has the potential to overcome barriers to research participation and provide the statistical power required to examine individual differences in cognitive functions. Understanding the complexity of cognitive aging is critical for developing individualized interventions aimed at promoting brain and cognitive health across the lifespan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a fully web-based platform, MindCrowd-Expanded, we examined associations between age, sex, educational attainment and cognitive performance in a large cohort of participants, ages 18 to 100. Tests were included from five cognitive domains - associative memory, information processing speed, and three components of executive function - inhibition, updating/working memory, and set shifting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Increased age was associated with poorer performance across all domains, especially in conditions that reflected increased task complexity. Age effects were not confined to the 6th decade and beyond, but were evident across the entire age range in a relatively linear fashion. Considerable individual differences in performance were also observed, especially among older adults. We also report robust sex effects that depended on the task - males showed faster simple response times than females, while females outperformed males on associative memory. Increased level of educational attainment showed small but consistent benefits across all domains.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study adds to a growing body of research demonstrating the feasibility and utility of online cognitive testing for reaching large cohorts of individuals across the adult lifespan. We report findings that mirror the existing literature on cognitive aging, but also provide unique insights into the trajectory of cognitive functioning. 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MindCrowd-Expanded: An online multi-domain assessment of cognitive aging.
Background: Numerous factors, including some modifiable factors as well as demographic factors, are associated with risk for age-related cognitive impairment. Evaluating the complex interaction of these factors and their trajectories across the adult lifespan requires large sample sizes with diverse cohorts. Online research has the potential to overcome barriers to research participation and provide the statistical power required to examine individual differences in cognitive functions. Understanding the complexity of cognitive aging is critical for developing individualized interventions aimed at promoting brain and cognitive health across the lifespan.
Methods: Using a fully web-based platform, MindCrowd-Expanded, we examined associations between age, sex, educational attainment and cognitive performance in a large cohort of participants, ages 18 to 100. Tests were included from five cognitive domains - associative memory, information processing speed, and three components of executive function - inhibition, updating/working memory, and set shifting.
Results: Increased age was associated with poorer performance across all domains, especially in conditions that reflected increased task complexity. Age effects were not confined to the 6th decade and beyond, but were evident across the entire age range in a relatively linear fashion. Considerable individual differences in performance were also observed, especially among older adults. We also report robust sex effects that depended on the task - males showed faster simple response times than females, while females outperformed males on associative memory. Increased level of educational attainment showed small but consistent benefits across all domains.
Conclusion: The study adds to a growing body of research demonstrating the feasibility and utility of online cognitive testing for reaching large cohorts of individuals across the adult lifespan. We report findings that mirror the existing literature on cognitive aging, but also provide unique insights into the trajectory of cognitive functioning. We discuss the benefits, challenges, and future promise of web-based testing.
期刊介绍：
In view of the ever-increasing fraction of elderly people, understanding the mechanisms of aging and age-related diseases has become a matter of urgent necessity. ''Gerontology'', the oldest journal in the field, responds to this need by drawing topical contributions from multiple disciplines to support the fundamental goals of extending active life and enhancing its quality. The range of papers is classified into four sections. In the Clinical Section, the aetiology, pathogenesis, prevention and treatment of agerelated diseases are discussed from a gerontological rather than a geriatric viewpoint. The Experimental Section contains up-to-date contributions from basic gerontological research. Papers dealing with behavioural development and related topics are placed in the Behavioural Science Section. Basic aspects of regeneration in different experimental biological systems as well as in the context of medical applications are dealt with in a special section that also contains information on technological advances for the elderly. Providing a primary source of high-quality papers covering all aspects of aging in humans and animals, ''Gerontology'' serves as an ideal information tool for all readers interested in the topic of aging from a broad perspective.
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