Vibration induced performance degradation on LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2/graphite lithium-ion battery

Lithium-ion batteries, essential for energy storage in spacecrafts, satellites, and electric vehicles, are frequently exposed to significant vibrations that can impact their performance. This article investigates the effects of vibration on the performance degradation of 18,650-type LiNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂/graphite lithium-ion batteries. Using computerized tomography, we observed that vibration caused deformation of the battery's internal structure, leading to an increase in internal impedance. After 1000 cycles, the battery's cycle performance decreased by 5.4 % compared to the undisturbed battery. Electrochemical characterization and disassembly analysis revealed that the adverse effects induced by vibration were progressively amplified during cycling, causing electrode material cracking and shedding, accelerating lithium inventory and active material loss, and significantly degrading thermal safety performance. This work can provide an insight into designing effective shock absorption strategies for reliable lithium-ion batteries in practical applications. Meanwhile, the results can offer crucial evidence for incorporating the vibration factors during the battery's usage process into the considerations for model modification when constructing the battery warning model.