从童年的不利经历到成年后的经济劣势，在生命历程中揭示性别和种族/民族差异

IF 3.4 2区心理学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Child Abuse & Neglect Pub Date : 2025-07-16 DOI:10.1016/j.chiabu.2025.107595

Hayun Jang , Kyungeun Song , Jinho Kim

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引用次数: 0

摘要

虽然不良童年经历（ace）对健康、社会和行为结果的有害影响已得到证实，但对其与经济福祉的长期关系知之甚少。目的研究ACE与成年期经济劣势之间的纵向关系，探讨性别和种族/民族的异质性，确定ACE类型的显著相关性，并探讨其潜在机制。参与者和环境数据来自国家青少年到成人健康纵向研究（Add Health）的第一、三、四阶段，包括12546名参与者。方法采用学派固定效应模型来解释未观察到的上下文混淆。分析按性别和种族/民族分层，相互作用模型检验统计异质性。Sobel调解测试评估教育程度、身体健康、物质使用、心理健康和刑事司法参与的间接作用。结果：ACE暴露越大，成年后经济劣势水平越高。在ACE类型中，性虐待、父母监禁和社区暴力表现出最强的相关性。性别差异在统计上是显著的，女性比男性有更强的相关性，而在种族和民族群体中没有发现显著差异。调解分析表明，心理困扰是女性最突出的途径，而刑事司法介入在男性中更为突出。这些发现强调了早期逆境的持久经济后果，并指出了将ace与成年后的结果联系起来的性别特异性途径。干预措施应优先考虑学校和社区环境中的早期识别和创伤知情支持系统，以减轻ace的长期负担。

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Unraveling gender and racial/ethnic differences in the life course pathways from adverse childhood experiences to economic disadvantage in adulthood

Background

While the detrimental effects of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on health, social, and behavioral outcomes are well established, less is known about their long-term association with economic well-being.

Objective

This study examined the longitudinal relationship between ACEs and economic disadvantage in adulthood, exploring heterogeneity by gender and race/ethnicity, identifying distinct associations by ACE type, and investigating underlying mechanisms.

Participants and setting

Data were drawn from Waves I, III, and IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), including 12,546 participants.

Methods

School fixed effects models were used to account for unobserved contextual confounding. Analyses were stratified by gender and race/ethnicity, and interaction models tested statistical heterogeneity. Sobel mediation tests assessed the indirect roles of educational attainment, physical health, substance use, psychological health, and criminal justice involvement.

Results

Greater ACE exposure was associated with higher levels of economic disadvantage in adulthood. Among ACE types, sexual abuse, parental incarceration, and community violence showed the strongest associations. Gender differences were statistically significant, with stronger associations observed for females than males, while no significant differences were found across racial and ethnic groups. Mediation analyses indicated that psychological distress was the most prominent pathway for females, whereas criminal justice involvement was more salient for males.

Conclusion

These findings underscore the lasting economic consequences of early adversity and point to gender-specific pathways linking ACEs to adult outcomes. Interventions should prioritize early identification and trauma-informed support systems in both school and community settings to reduce the long-term burden of ACEs.

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来源期刊

Child Abuse & Neglect Multiple-

CiteScore

7.40

自引率

10.40%

发文量

397

期刊介绍： Official Publication of the International Society for Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect. Child Abuse & Neglect The International Journal, provides an international, multidisciplinary forum on all aspects of child abuse and neglect, with special emphasis on prevention and treatment; the scope extends further to all those aspects of life which either favor or hinder child development. While contributions will primarily be from the fields of psychology, psychiatry, social work, medicine, nursing, law enforcement, legislature, education, and anthropology, the Journal encourages the concerned lay individual and child-oriented advocate organizations to contribute.