Considering the double-layer topology of the cooling water diffusion expand in the domain and the performance analysis

In battery thermal management, the overall increase in temperature and local temperature variation of lithium batteries affect the safe use of batteries. In this study, a double-layer topology flow channel (DCP) cold plate is designed. The heat transfer rate and energy consumption were weighted as a multi-objective function, and the effects of the location of the internal condensate collection and diffusion ports as well as the number of outlets on the topology optimization were analyzed, with the location E and the number of quadruple outlets yielding the best symmetry and heat dissipation. On this basis, a new three-dimensional staggered-flow double-layer topological runner (DCP) cold plate model was developed and numerically simulated. The flow channel depth, inlet flow rate, and heat dissipation performance of different double-layer topology flow channel structures were investigated. The findings indicate that the optimal solution with the highest temperature and temperature difference can be obtained when the flow channel depth is 1 mm, the inlet flow volume per unit time is 3 g/s, and the discharge rate is 3C. As the Reynolds number rise, the DCP-E type shows extremely strong heat dissipation performance, and the maximum temperature was decreased by 3.5 °C. The thermal performance of rectangular channels (RCP), honeycomb channels (HCP) and single layer topology channels (STP) was compared at an equivalent volume fraction. The efficacy of heat dissipation of DCP-E is improved by 12.66 %, 16.77 %, and 3.58 % compared to RCP, HCP, and STP cold plates, respectively. The double-layer topology channel proposed in this paper provides new design ideas for battery thermal management research.