异黄酮与绝经后妇女体重变化和严重潮热：一项随机临床试验的二次分析

IF 3.6 2区医学 Q2 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

Maturitas Pub Date : 2025-07-05 DOI:10.1016/j.maturitas.2025.108661

Hana Kahleova , Tatiana Znayenko-Miller , Richard Holubkov , Neal D. Barnard

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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的：严重的潮热与心血管疾病和糖尿病的风险增加有关。这项二级分析评估了绝经后妇女异黄酮摄入量、体重和严重潮热之间的关系。方法参与者（n = 84）被随机分配到低脂纯素饮食加大豆组（n = 42）和不改变饮食的对照组（n = 42），为期12周。使用营养数据系统研究软件分析三天的饮食记录。采用重复测量方差分析、Spearman相关分析和线性回归模型进行统计分析。结果纯素组大豆素摄入量增加(效应值：+34.4 mg/d [95% CI +28.1 ~ +40.8], p <；0.001)。同样，纯素组染料木素和糖苷增加(效应量：+34.8 mg/天[95% CI +27.7至+42.0],p <；0.001;+4.2 mg/天[95% CI +3.2至+5.2],p <；分别为0.001)。纯素组平均体重下降3.6 kg，对照组平均体重下降0.2 kg(效应量：- 3.4 kg [95% CI - 4.5至- 2.3],p <；0.001)。严重潮热减少了92%（从1.3/天到0.1/天）在素食组(p <；0.001)，对照组无显著变化（组间p = 0.02）。三种异黄酮摄入量的增加与体重减轻有关(r = - 0.67, p <；大豆苷元为0.001；R = - 0.67, p <；染料木黄酮0.001；r = - 0.66, p <；糖糖素为0.001)，但与严重潮热的减少无关。体重减轻与严重潮热减少之间没有显著关联（r = +0.20, p = 0.12）。控制能量摄入和身体质量指数的变化，严重潮热减少的主要独立预测因子是大豆苷元摄入量的增加（p = 0.04）。控制纤维和脂肪的摄入并没有改变结果。这些发现表明，低脂纯素饮食补充大豆减少严重潮热频率的机制包括增加大豆苷元的摄入，以及其他潜在因素。需要进行验证性试验。临床试验注册：clinicaltrials .gov, NCT04587154，注册于2020年10月14日。

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Isoflavones and changes in body weight and severe hot flashes in postmenopausal women: A secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial

Objective

Severe hot flashes have been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. This secondary analysis assessed associations between isoflavone intake, body weight, and severe hot flashes in postmenopausal women.

Methods

Participants (n = 84) were randomly assigned to a low-fat vegan diet supplemented with soybeans (n = 42) or a control group who made no changes to their diet (n = 42) for 12 weeks. Three-day diet records were analyzed using the Nutrition Data System for Research software. A repeated measures analysis of variance, Spearman correlations, and a linear regression model were used for statistical analyses.

Results

Daidzein intake increased in the vegan group (effect size: +34.4 mg/day [95 % CI +28.1 to +40.8], p < 0.001). Similarly, genistein and glycitein increased in the vegan group (effect sizes: +34.8 mg/day [95 % CI +27.7 to +42.0], p < 0.001; and +4.2 mg/day [95 % CI +3.2 to +5.2], p < 0.001, respectively). Mean body weight decreased by 3.6 kg in the vegan group and by 0.2 kg in the control group (effect size: −3.4 kg [95 % CI −4.5 to −2.3], p < 0.001). Severe hot flashes were reduced by 92 % (from 1.3/day to 0.1/day) in the vegan group (p < 0.001) and did not change significantly in the control group (between-group p = 0.02). The increased consumption of each of the three isoflavones was associated with weight loss (r = −0.67, p < 0.001 for daidzein; r = −0.67, p < 0.001 for genistein; and r = −0.66, p < 0.001 for glycitein), but not with the reduction in severe hot flashes. There was no significant association between weight loss and a reduction in severe hot flashes (r = +0.20, p = 0.12). Controlling for energy intake and changes in body mass index, the main independent predictor of a reduction in severe hot flashes was the increased intake of daidzein (p = 0.04). Controlling for fiber and fat intake did not change the results.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that the mechanisms by which a low-fat vegan diet supplemented with soybeans reduces the frequency of severe hot flashes include the increased consumption of daidzein, among other potential factors. Confirmatory trials are needed.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04587154, registered on Oct 14, 2020.

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来源期刊

Maturitas 医学-妇产科学

CiteScore

9.10

自引率

2.00%

发文量

142

审稿时长

40 days

期刊介绍： Maturitas is an international multidisciplinary peer reviewed scientific journal of midlife health and beyond publishing original research, reviews, consensus statements and guidelines, and mini-reviews. The journal provides a forum for all aspects of postreproductive health in both genders ranging from basic science to health and social care. Topic areas include:• Aging• Alternative and Complementary medicines• Arthritis and Bone Health• Cancer• Cardiovascular Health• Cognitive and Physical Functioning• Epidemiology, health and social care• Gynecology/ Reproductive Endocrinology• Nutrition/ Obesity Diabetes/ Metabolic Syndrome• Menopause, Ovarian Aging• Mental Health• Pharmacology• Sexuality• Quality of Life