Coordinated development of China’s coal industrial chain and supply chain resilience evaluation and industrial efficiency under the dual carbon goals

In the coal industry, a sole focus on either resilience or efficiency proves inadequate. Their coordinated development is critical to achieving the Dual Carbon goals and ensuring energy security. This study integrates resilience and synergy theory to construct the evaluation system for the resilience of China’s coal industrial chain and supply chain (RCICSC) and coal industrial efficiency (CIE) using statistical data from 2000 to 2023. The entropy-TOPSIS and super-efficiency SBM models are employed to measure RCICSC and CIE, respectively, while a modified coupling coordination degree (MCCD) model and obstacle degree model analyze the level of coordinated development and the obstacle factors. The results indicate: (1) Influenced by policy interventions and external shocks, the RCICSC exhibited a fluctuating upward trend, exceeding the average level in 2012. (2) CIE remains consistently high, reflecting enhanced sustainability. (3) The level of coordination between RCICSC and CIE improved, transitioning from moderate imbalance to moderate coordination. (4) Key obstacles include the domestic supply potential of coal, investment in fixed assets, total output value and profit of the coal industry. Based on this study’s findings, this paper proposes targeted policy implications to enhance the coordinated development of RCICSC and CIE, fostering a mutually beneficial interplay between energy security and environmental protection.