开发和评估参与、营养和体育活动干预对养老院营养过剩老年人肌肉功能和生活质量的有效性——IFEBO聚类随机对照试验

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition Pub Date : 2025-06-13 DOI:10.1016/j.nut.2025.112876

Tenna Christoffersen PhD , Anne Marie Beck PhD , Anja Weirsøe Dynesen PhD , Janne Kunchel Lorenzen PhD , Anders Reenberg Andersen PhD , Margit Dall Aaslyng PhD , Inge Tetens PhD

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引用次数: 0

摘要

营养不良，定义为超重和肥胖，是老年人日益关注的问题，增加了合并症、残疾和死亡的风险。然而，该人群营养过剩的最佳管理仍不清楚。目的：发展和评估营养和身体活动干预对养老院（NHs）营养过剩老年人肌肉功能和生活质量（QoL）的有效性。方法在丹麦6个NHs进行了一项为期12个月的集群随机参与试验。NHs按照1:1的分配比例分配控制和干预。使用计划-行动-研究-行动模型，干预成分在前6个月参与开发，并在其余6个月实施。肌肉力量通过手部握力和30秒的椅子站立测试来测量。成人社会护理结果工具包评估了护理相关的生活质量。采用混合效应模型分析评价干预效果。结果93名居民参与调查；59%的人营养过剩。干预措施包括每日/每周的身体和社会活动、富含蛋白质的面包、“车轮上的零食”、系统称重、训练有素的员工的营养任务和沟通标准。与对照组相比，干预组男性的握力在不同体重状态下均有所改善（P = 0.039）。超重组的生活质量保持不变，而正常体重组的生活质量有所改善（P = 0.019），两个亚组的社会参与都有显著增加（P = 0.026）。结论参与式营养和体育活动干预措施能改善所有NH居民的身体功能和幸福感。

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Developing and assessing the effectiveness of a participatory, nutritional, and physical activity intervention on muscle function and quality of life among older adults with overnutrition in nursing homes—The IFEBO cluster randomized control trial

Background

Overnutrition, defined as overweight and obesity, is a growing concern among older adults, increasing the risk of comorbidity, disabilities, and mortality. However, the optimal management of overnutrition in this population remains unclear.

Purpose

The aim is to develop and assess the effectiveness of a nutritional and physical activity intervention on muscle function and quality of life (QoL) among older adults with overnutrition in nursing homes (NHs).

Methods

A 12-mo cluster randomized participatory trial was conducted in six Danish NHs. The NHs were assigned following a 1:1 allocation ratio for control and intervention. Using the Plan-Do-Study-Act model, intervention components were participatorily developed over the first 6 mo and implemented over the remaining 6 mo. Muscle strength was measured via hand grip strength and a 30-second chair stand test. The Adult Social Care Outcomes Toolkit assessed the care-related QoL. Mixed-effects models analyses were used to evaluate the intervention effects.

Results

Ninety-three residents participated; 59% were overnourished. The intervention included daily/weekly physical and social activities, protein-rich bread, “Snack-on-Wheels,” systematic weighing, nutritional tasks for trained staff, and communication standards. Hand grip strength improved among men across weight statuses in the intervention group compared to the control group (P = 0.039). QoL was maintained in the overweight group, whereas it improved in the normal weight group (P = 0.019), with significant gains in social participation for both subgroups (P = 0.026).

Conclusions

Participatorily developed nutrition and physical activity interventions can improve all NH residents’ physical function and well-being.

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来源期刊

Nutrition 医学-营养学

CiteScore

7.80

自引率

2.30%

发文量

300

审稿时长

60 days

期刊介绍： Nutrition has an open access mirror journal Nutrition: X, sharing the same aims and scope, editorial team, submission system and rigorous peer review. Founded by Michael M. Meguid in the early 1980''s, Nutrition presents advances in nutrition research and science, informs its readers on new and advancing technologies and data in clinical nutrition practice, encourages the application of outcomes research and meta-analyses to problems in patient-related nutrition; and seeks to help clarify and set the research, policy and practice agenda for nutrition science to enhance human well-being in the years ahead.