泰米尔纳德邦围绝经期和绝经后妇女的知识、态度和绝经症状患病率——一项混合方法研究

IF 1.2 Q3 OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY
Journal of Mid-life Health Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-23 DOI:10.4103/jmh.jmh_16_25
Giddaluru Bhavya Muralikrishna, Karthiga Prabhu, Shanmugapriya, Gowthaman Sankar
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:世界各地不同人群的绝经年龄差异很大,绝经症状的严重程度往往随着年龄的增长而增加。虽然更年期没有被归类为一种疾病,但它与妇女较高的死亡率和发病率有关。许多妇女在没有充分了解其健康影响的情况下经历了更年期。妇女必须了解更年期的症状和并发症,这样她们才能有效地控制更年期并寻求适当的治疗。没有这些知识和对更年期的消极态度,妇女在绝经后可能会面临困难。目的:本研究旨在评估更年期症状的患病率,并评估围绝经期和绝经后妇女对更年期的知识和态度。材料和方法:这项混合方法研究于2023年2月至2024年10月在泰米尔纳德邦坎奇普兰邦Chengalpattu一家大型三级保健医院的单一中心进行。通过方便抽样,共纳入300名有围绝经期和更年期症状的妇女。在整个研究过程中遵循了机构伦理委员会制定的伦理准则。我们使用更年期评定量表(MRS),一个自我报告和验证的工具,来评估参与者报告的更年期症状的严重程度。结果:围绝经期妇女报告的最常见症状包括睡眠问题(53.4%)、潮热(50%)、焦虑(67.8%)、易怒(65.6%)、膀胱问题(46.7%)和性不适(44.4%)。在绝经后妇女中,经常报告的症状是关节疼痛(56.2%),抑郁情绪(70%),身心疲惫(63.4%),阴道干燥(64.8%)和性问题(58.1%)。总的来说,严重的更年期症状在绝经后妇女中比围绝经期妇女更普遍,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。二项logistic回归分析显示,年龄(校正优势比[AOR] - 1.78)、胎次(AOR - 2.49)和不了解更年期知识(AOR - 2.78)是影响更年期症状严重程度的重要危险因素。结论:这项混合方法研究发现围绝经期和绝经后妇女在更年期症状、知识和态度上存在显著差异。在绝经后妇女中,较高的平均总MRS评分表明严重的躯体、心理和泌尿生殖器症状。我们发现更年期妇女需要量身定制的教育和文化敏感的支持,以缩小知识差距,促进积极的态度,并满足复杂的需求。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Prevalence of Menopausal Symptoms among Perimenopausal and Postmenopausal Women - A Mixed Method Study from Tamil Nadu.

Background: The age at which menopause occurs varies widely among different populations around the world, and the severity of menopausal symptoms often increases with age. Although menopause is not classified as an illness, it is associated with higher rates of mortality and morbidity among women. Many women go through menopause without adequate knowledge of its health implications. It is essential for women to be informed about the symptoms and complications of menopause so they can manage it effectively and seek appropriate treatment. Without this knowledge and with negative attitudes towards menopause, women may face difficulties during the postmenopausal period.

Objectives: This study aims to assess the prevalence of menopausal symptoms and to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of peri- and postmenopausal women toward menopause.

Materials and methods: This mixed-method study was conducted at a single center in a major tertiary care hospital located in Chengalpattu, Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu, from February 2023 to October 2024. A total of 300 women experiencing perimenopausal and menopausal symptoms were included through convenience sampling. Ethical guidelines established by the institutional ethics committee were followed throughout the study. We utilized the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS), a self-reported and validated tool, to assess the severity of menopausal symptoms reported by the participants.

Results: The most common symptoms reported by perimenopausal women included sleep problems (53.4%), hot flashes (50%), anxiety (67.8%), irritability (65.6%), bladder issues (46.7%), and sexual discomfort (44.4%). In postmenopausal women, frequently reported symptoms were joint pain (56.2%), depressive mood (70%), physical and mental exhaustion (63.4%), vaginal dryness (64.8%), and sexual problems (58.1%). Overall, severe menopausal symptoms were more prevalent among postmenopausal women compared to those in the perimenopausal stage, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). Binomial logistic regression analysis showed that age (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] - 1.78), parity (AOR - 2.49), and poor knowledge about menopause (AOR - 2.78) were significant risk factors associated with the severity of menopausal symptoms.

Conclusion: This mixed-method study found significant differences in menopausal symptoms, knowledge, and attitudes between peri- and postmenopausal women. In postmenopausal women, higher mean total MRS scores indicated severe somatic, psychological, and urogenital symptoms. We found that menopausal women need tailored education and culturally sensitive support to close knowledge gaps, promote positive attitudes, and meet complex needs.

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来源期刊
Journal of Mid-life Health
Journal of Mid-life Health Social Sciences-Health (social science)
CiteScore
1.70
自引率
9.10%
发文量
39
审稿时长
43 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of mid-life health is the official journal of the Indian Menopause society published Quarterly in January, April, July and October. It is peer reviewed, scientific journal of mid-life health and its problems. It includes all aspects of mid-life health, preventive as well as curative. The journal publishes on subjects such as gynecology, neurology, geriatrics, psychiatry, endocrinology, urology, andrology, psychology, healthy ageing, cardiovascular health, bone health, quality of life etc. as relevant of men and women in their midlife. The Journal provides a visible platform to the researchers as well as clinicians to publish their experiences in this area thereby helping in the promotion of mid-life health leading to healthy ageing, growing need due to increasing life expectancy. The Editorial team has maintained high standards and published original research papers, case reports and review articles from the best of the best contributors both national & international, consistently so that now, it has become a great tool in the hands of menopause practitioners.
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