克罗地亚生态系统中家猪和野生动物之间猪源轮状病毒A的种间传播和基因组异质性

IF 8 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment Pub Date : 2025-07-10 DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180010

Valentina Kunić , Ljubo Barbić , Jakob Šimić , Tina Mikuletič , Rok Kogoj , Tom Koritnik , Andrej Steyer , Dean Konjević , Miljenko Bujanić , Marina Prišlin Šimac , Dragan Brnić

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引用次数: 0

摘要

轮状病毒A （RVA）是引起哺乳动物和鸟类非细菌性肠胃炎的主要原因，伴有散发的人畜共患病事件。尽管有充分证据表明猪源RVA菌株（porva）的种间传播，但野生动物在传播动力学中的作用仍未得到充分探讨。采用One Health时空方法，本研究调查了克罗地亚家猪和野生动物porva的遗传互联性（2018-2021）。对445头家猪、441头野猪、533只红狐和131只金豺的粪便或直肠拭子进行RNA提取、RT-PCR、VP7/VP4基因分型和Sanger测序。从中选择19份携带野生动物poRVA基因型和家猪poRVA基因型的样本进行NGS和完整RVA基因组分析。结果显示，所有检测到的RVA菌株均具有猪宿主的表面蛋白基因型特征。野生动物衍生的porva证明与家猪衍生的菌株进化相关，验证了先前假设的种间传播。VP7基因型中，G3在野生动物中占优势，G5在家猪中占优势，G4具有人畜共患的潜力。在VP4中，P[13]最为普遍，而P[23]和P[6]表现出重组事件。混合基因型RVAs仅出现在包含VP7、VP4和NSP4基因片段的家猪中。这项研究提供了对RVA宿主多样性的见解，提供了全球第一个来自金豺的完整RVA基因组数据，第二个来自红狐的RVA基因组数据。此外，它还提供了迄今为止亚洲以外野猪的第一个完整的RVA基因组。野生动物衍生的RVA显示出与家猪毒株（包括人畜共患毒株）的进化联系，突出了野生动物在RVA传播中的作用。这些发现强调需要扩大动物RVA监测，以便更好地了解“同一个健康”框架内的环境传播、人畜共患风险和控制策略。

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Interspecies transmission and genome heterogeneity of porcine-originated Rotavirus A between domestic pigs and wildlife in the Croatian ecosystem

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Interspecies transmission and genome heterogeneity of porcine-originated Rotavirus A between domestic pigs and wildlife in the Croatian ecosystem

Rotavirus A (RVA) is a major cause of non-bacterial gastroenteritis in mammals and birds, with sporadic zoonotic events. Despite well-documented interspecies transmission of porcine-originated RVA strains (poRVAs), the role of wildlife in transmission dynamics remains underexplored. Using a One Health spatiotemporal approach, this study investigated the genetic interconnectedness of poRVAs in domestic pigs and wildlife in Croatia (2018–2021). Fecal samples or rectal swabs from 445 domestic pigs, 441 wild boars, 533 red foxes, and 131 golden jackals underwent RNA extraction, RT-PCR, VP7/VP4 genotyping, and Sanger sequencing. From these, nineteen samples carrying poRVA genotypes in wildlife and matching genotypes in domestic pigs were selected for the NGS and complete RVA genome analysis. Results revealed porcine genogroup 1 constellation, with surface protein genotypes characteristic of porcine hosts in all detected RVA strains. Wildlife-derived poRVAs proved evolutionary related to domestic pig-derived strains, verifying previously hypothesized interspecies transmission. Among VP7 genotypes, G3 dominated in wildlife, G5 in domestic pigs, and G4 showed zoonotic potential. In VP4, P[13] was the most prevalent, while P[23] and P[6] exhibited recombination events. Mixed-genotype RVAs appeared only in domestic pigs encompassing VP7, VP4, and NSP4 gene segments. This study provides insights into RVA host diversity, presenting the first complete RVA genome data from golden jackals and the second from red foxes globally. In addition, it presents the first complete RVA genomes from wild boars outside of Asia to date. Wildlife-derived RVAs showed evolutionary links to domestic pig strains, including zoonotic strains, highlighting the role of wildlife in RVA dissemination. These findings emphasize the need for expanded animal RVA surveillance to better understand environmental transmission, zoonotic risks, and control strategies within a One Health framework.

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来源期刊

Science of the Total Environment 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

17.60

自引率

10.20%

发文量

8726

审稿时长

2.4 months

期刊介绍： The Science of the Total Environment is an international journal dedicated to scientific research on the environment and its interaction with humanity. It covers a wide range of disciplines and seeks to publish innovative, hypothesis-driven, and impactful research that explores the entire environment, including the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and anthroposphere. The journal's updated Aims & Scope emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary environmental research with broad impact. Priority is given to studies that advance fundamental understanding and explore the interconnectedness of multiple environmental spheres. Field studies are preferred, while laboratory experiments must demonstrate significant methodological advancements or mechanistic insights with direct relevance to the environment.