优化水氮管理提高了西北地膜下滴灌花生产量

IF 6.5 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY
Jianshu Dong , Xiaojun Shen , Xiaopei Zhang , Junwei Chen , Haiming Li , Qiang Li , Jiaqi He , Hongguang Liu
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引用次数: 0

摘要

水资源短缺和化肥过度使用已成为威胁农业可持续发展的紧迫问题。为了缓解这些挑战,探索能够协同提高作物产量,同时提高水和肥料使用效率的灌溉和施肥系统至关重要。采用为期2年的大田试验,以AquaCrop模型为基础,研究水氮管理对花生生长和产量的影响。试验包括3个灌溉水平(I1:重度亏水、I2:轻度亏水、I3:全灌)、2个施氮水平(F1:半施氮、F2:常规施氮)和一个不施氮的对照处理(CK)。结果表明,在本试验条件下,2022年和2023年的最佳灌溉施氮组合为I3F2和I2F1。与CK处理相比,这些组合使豆荚产量提高25.13 ~ 55.88 %,籽粒含油量提高1.27 ~ 3.56 %,水分产量提高26.74 ~ 44.44 %。AquaCrop模型对土壤水分存储量(NRMSE = 9.63 ~ 25.06 %,d = 0.54 ~ 0.91)、冠层盖度(NRMSE = 5.52 ~ 22.74 %,d = 0.78 ~ 0.99)、地上生物量(NRMSE = 6.79 ~ 26.02 %,d = 0.97 ~ 0.99)、耗水量(NRMSE = 5.17 %,d = 0.91)、水分生产力(NRMSE = 11.56 %,d = 0.53)、产量(NRMSE = 9.67 %,d = 0.87,)等关键参数的模拟效果良好。采用熵权法-理想溶液相似性排序偏好法综合评价130种方案,确定了地膜滴灌花生的最佳灌溉施氮方案:从播种到出苗期灌45 mm,插花和结荚期灌7 d,每次灌40.5 mm,灌荚期灌10 d,每次灌40.5 mm,施氮量100 kg·ha−1。这种优化的制度有效地平衡了水和氮的使用,最大限度地提高了花生的产量和生产力,同时确保了可持续的农业做法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Optimizing water-nitrogen management enhances productivity for peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) with drip-irrigated under mulched in Northwest of China
Water scarcity and excessive fertilizer use have emerged as pressing issues, threatening sustainable agricultural development. To mitigate these challenges, it is crucial to explore irrigation and fertilization systems that can synergistically enhance crop yields while improving the efficiency of water and fertilizer use. A two-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of water and nitrogen management on peanut growth and yield, with the goal of optimizing water and nitrogen scheduling based on AquaCrop modeling. The experiment consisted of three irrigation levels (I1: severe water deficit, I2: mild water deficit, I3: full irrigation), two nitrogen application levels (F1: half nitrogen application, F2: conventional nitrogen application), and a control treatment (CK) without nitrogen application. The results demonstrated that, under the condition of this experiment, the optimal irrigation and nitrogen application combinations were I3F2 in 2022 and I2F1 in 2023. Compared with the CK treatment, these combinations increased pod yield by 25.13–55.88 %, kernel oil content by 1.27–3.56 %, and water productivity by 26.74–44.44 %. The AquaCrop model showed excellent performance in simulating key parameters, including soil water storage (NRMSE = 9.63–25.06 %, d = 0.54–0.91), canopy cover (NRMSE = 5.52–22.74 %, d = 0.78–0.99), aboveground biomass (NRMSE = 6.79–26.02 %, d = 0.97–0.99), water consumption (NRMSE = 5.17 %, d = 0.91), water productivity (NRMSE = 11.56 %, d = 0.53), and yield (NRMSE = 9.67 %, d = 0.87,). After comprehensively evaluating 130 scenarios using the Entropy Weight Method-Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution method, the optimal irrigation and nitrogen application regime for peanut production under drip irrigation with plastic mulch was determined as follows: irrigation of 45 mm from sowing to emergence, 7-day intervals with 40.5 mm each during the flowering-pegging and pod-setting stages, and 10-day intervals with 40.5 mm per irrigation during the pod-filling stage, along with the application of 100 kg·ha−1 nitrogen. This optimized regime effectively balances water and nitrogen use to maximize peanut yield and productivity while ensuring sustainable agricultural practices.
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来源期刊
Agricultural Water Management
Agricultural Water Management 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
12.10
自引率
14.90%
发文量
648
审稿时长
4.9 months
期刊介绍: Agricultural Water Management publishes papers of international significance relating to the science, economics, and policy of agricultural water management. In all cases, manuscripts must address implications and provide insight regarding agricultural water management.
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