Highly efficient CO2 absorption using improved and functionalized magnetic nanoparticles in physical and chemical absorbents

One method for reducing global warming is the removal, separation, and utilization of CO₂ from the exhaust streams. Nanofluids, which belong to an innovative category of carbon dioxide capturing agents, exhibit significant promise owing to their unique characteristics. In this study, magnetic nanofluids were investigated to improve the absorption capacity and rate of carbon dioxide in different solvents. For this purpose, glutamine amino acid salt and polyethyleneimine functional groups were applied to functionalize Fe₃O₄ magnetic nanoparticles. The results show that the addition of 0.050 wt% of Fe₃O₄–Glutamine and Fe₃O₄–PEI nanoparticles increased the absorption of carbon dioxide by 21.44 and 31.87 % compared to the aqueous base fluid, respectively. Furthermore, in this study, iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles were coated with silica minerals, Fe₃O₄@SiO₂ core-shell nanostructures were synthesized, and their performance in carbon dioxide absorption was investigated. The findings indicate that the incorporation of 0.075 wt% of Fe₃O₄@SiO₂–Glutamine and Fe₃O₄@SiO₂–PEI nanoparticles at the optimal weight concentration resulted in a 36.04 and 54.10 % enhancement in carbon dioxide absorption, respectively, in comparison to the water-based fluid.