Catching Like an Octopus: Based on Structural Biomimetic Designed MOF-on-MOF Compatible Extracted Fiber for Sensitive Detection and Risk Assessment of Organophosphorus Pesticides

The detection and health risk assessment of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) motivates the development of high-throughput extraction technologies. Herein, metal-organic framework (MOF-on-MOF) hybrids with octopus-like structures (OL-MNU) are prepared by a heteroepitaxial growth strategy inspired by structure biomimetic, the multi-functionalized integration, open mass transfer pathways, and hierarchical porous structure of OL-MNU are powerful guarantees for the efficient extraction of OPs. Hence, the OL-MNU is used as solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber coating and combined with gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) to compatible extraction and sensitive detection ten OPs. Trace OPs in nine different matrices are accurately detected, and the Hazard index (HI) is far less than 1 which indicated that the OPs residues in the test samples do not cause any significant effects on human health. Multiple characterizations are used to verify that the adsorption mechanism of the OL-MNU is a combined effect of chemisorption forces such as hydrogen bonding, Zr-O-P bonding, LP-π interactions, and π–π interactions, it agreed with the density functional theory (DFT) calculations. This study provided a reference for the future design of binary MOF composites with different structural features and provided a good idea for high-throughput human health risk assessment of different pollutants.