通过大猩猩的眼睛寻找人类社会的进化视角。

IF 1.5 4区 生物学 Q2 ZOOLOGY
Juichi Yamagiwa
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引用次数: 0

摘要

通过灵长类学,我意识到有可能从人类物种之外的角度来研究社会性。我加入了京都大学的体质人类学实验室,在今西健二和伊谷俊一郎的指导下。我决定按照导师的框架,对日本猕猴和大猩猩进行实地发现研究。首先,我走遍了日本,调查猕猴的生态学、社会性和形态变异。接下来,我调查了非洲大猩猩的社会生态学。我把重点放在了扎伊尔卡胡齐-比加国家公园的格劳尔大猩猩和卢旺达火山国家公园的山地大猩猩上。这些种群在多雄性群体的流行程度、雌性迁移模式和雄性群体形成方面表现出差异。在卢旺达的Dian Fossey的指导下,我研究了男性和群体的生活史。福西的惨死和公园外卡里索克研究中心的运动。我决定与当地的研究人员合作,参与社区保护活动。在Kahuzi,我研究了大猩猩和黑猩猩在高海拔和低海拔地区的共生关系。它们共享栖息地和饮食,但采取不同的觅食策略,特别是在水果稀缺的时期。早期人类采取了一种“化短为长”的策略。这种方法使我们能够在其他灵长类动物无法进入的不同环境中殖民。现代社会转向了通过技术“放大优势”的战略,导致了环境的严重退化。对非人类灵长类动物的实地研究可以揭示人类社会的性质和起源。继续进行实地研究对于设想和塑造人类繁荣的未来至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Searching for evolutionary perspectives of human sociality through the eyes of gorillas.

Through primatology, I realized it was possible to examine sociality from a perspective outside of the human species. I joined Kyoto University's Laboratory of Physical Anthropology under the supervision of Imanishi Kinji and Itani Junichiro. I decided to pursue field-based discovery research on Japanese macaques and gorillas aligned with my mentor's frameworks. First, I traversed Japan, investigating macaque ecology, sociality, and morphologic variation. Next, Iinvestigated the socio-ecology of gorillas in Africa. I focused on Grauer's gorillas in Kahuzi-Biega National Park (Zaire), and mountain gorillas in Volcanoes National Park (Rwanda). These populations exhibited differences in the prevalence of multi-male groups, female migration patterns, and male group formations. Under the supervision of Dian Fossey in Rwanda, I studied male and group life histories. Following Fossey's tragic death and The movement of Karisoke Research Centre outside the park. I resolved to collaborate with local researchers and engage in community conservation activities. In Kahuzi, I studied the sympatric coexistence of gorillas and chimpanzees in higher and lower regions. They share habitats and diets but adopt different foraging strategies, particularly during periods of fruit scarcity. Early humans adopted a strategy of "turning weaknesses into strengths."This approach enabled us to colonize diverse environments inaccessible to other primates. Modern society has shifted toward a strategy of "amplifying strengths" through technology, leading to significant degradation of the environment. Field studies of nonhuman primates can shed light on the nature and origins of human societies. Continuation of field research is crucial for envisioning and shaping a prosperous future for humanity.

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来源期刊
Primates
Primates 生物-动物学
CiteScore
3.10
自引率
17.60%
发文量
71
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Primates is an international journal of primatology whose aim is to provide a forum for the elucidation of all aspects of primates. The oldest primatological journal, Primates publishes original papers that advance the scientific study of primates, and its scope embraces work in diverse fields covering biological bases of behavior, socio-ecology, learning and cognition, social processes, systematics, evolution, and medicine. Contributions relevant to conservation of natural populations and welfare of captive primates are welcome. Studies focusing on nonprimate species may be considered if their relevance to primatology is clear. Original Articles as well as Review Articles, News and Perspectives, and Book Reviews are included. All manuscripts received are initially screened for suitability by members of the Editorial Board, taking into account style and ethical issues, leading to a swift decision about whether to send the manuscript for external review.
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