Synthesis and Characterization of Stealth Liposomes for Acmella oleracea L. Encapsulation

Liposomes have been proven to be an excellent tool for drug delivery and cosmetic use, minimizing side effects, for example, allergic reactions, making them more precise and effective in delivering active ingredients. This study aims to develop and investigate the composition of the liposome and the possible interactions between its constituents: lipoid S75, cholesterol, and polyvinylpyrrolidone. Formulations and laboratory analyses were conducted to characterize and maximize the mechanical strength and stability of the liposomes, also assessing the viability of encapsulating medicinal herbs. The thin-film hydration method was used in the formulation of the liposomes. For characterization, instrumental analysis techniques such as mid-infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic light scattering, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and chemometrics for data optimization were employed. The results show spherical particles at the nanometric scale and good integration between cholesterol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and the lipid matrix, providing greater stability and strength to the liposomal matrix. Therefore, the formulations developed in this study demonstrated reliability in the control of components as well as the encapsulation of the medicinal herb jambu, enabling the potential for new developments in pharmaceuticals for future therapeutic and cosmetic applications.