Impact of obesity on colon/liver resection with colorectal liver metastasis: Analysis of US Nationwide Inpatient Sample 2005-2020.

Introduction: Obesity and overweight are linked to increased postoperative issues in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. However, the impact of obesity on outcomes of simultaneous colon and liver resections for colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM) is not well studied. This study was to assess the impact of obesity and overweight on outcomes of simultaneous colon/rectum and liver resection in CRLM patients.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed data from the US Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) between 2005 and 2020. Regression analysis evaluated associations between obesity/overweight and in-hospital outcomes.

Results: Of the 3,269 patients included, 413 were overweight or obese. Overweight and obese patients were younger and had higher rates of comorbidities such as heart failure, diabetes, hypertension, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and chronic pulmonary disease compared to non-obese patients. Overweight and obesity were associated with an increased risk of unfavorable discharge (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]= 1.44, 95% CI: 1.00-2.07) and a greater likelihood of developing any complication (aOR= 1.27, 95% CI: 1.05-1.5). Additionally, overweight and obese patients had significantly higher odds of experiencing acute kidney injury (aOR= 1.61, 95% CI: 1.15-2.25), with the effect being more pronounced in patients younger than 60 years (aOR= 1.80, 95% CI: 1.13-2.87).

Conclusion: Overweight and obesity are associated with increased risks of complications, particularly acute kidney injury, and unfavorable discharge in patients undergoing simultaneous colon and liver resection for CRLM.