Protecting Mission Critical Systems The Need for a Shift in Culture, Strategy, and Process

In contrast to the traditional compliance-based approach to protecting space systems using the NIST Risk Management Framework (RMF), a trustworthy secure systems engineering approach as described in the NIST Special Publication 800-160 is proposed as a viable and effective alternative. This paper discusses the issues and concerns with the traditional approach to cybersecurity and how engineering-based approaches measurably improve security, allowing a greater return on investment for mission critical operational environments like those that support space missions. The paper will show that there are several facets to the cybersecurity problem that go beyond the technical to include culture, process, and policy, and explain why a change in strategy and approach is necessary to address the modern sophisticated cyber adversary operating in a world of highly complex and evolving systems. Insights from a project where a NIST SP 800-160-based engineering approach was applied to secure a space mission will be discussed. The early lessons not only illuminate the benefits of security systems engineering, but also the effect of culture, policy and process on building resilience into mission critical systems.