Immunoinformatics-based multi-epitope vaccine design using transforming growth factor beta-2 proprotein (TGFB2) for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM): GVac

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a malignant glioma, is a central nervous system tumor with a high mortality rate in the world. Despite its high mortality rate, there is no effective treatment yet. Classical treatment methods are usually applied to patients, but patients lose their lives in a short time. A strong vaccine or drug that will extend the life of patients has not yet emerged. In this study, various bioinformatic analyses were performed on the Transforming growth factor beta-2 proprotein (TGFB2) belonging to GBM, and a multi-epitope vaccine design was made. These analyses include allergenicity, antigenicity and toxicity tests, various epitope selections, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation and immune simulation analyses. As a result of all analyses, a vaccine candidate called GVac was revealed. Gvac is enhanced with an adjuvant called batroxicidin (BatxC), an antimicrobial peptide. While analyses of Gvac generally yield strong results, it offers the potential to be used in various clinical studies if carried forward. With developing technologies, it is now necessary to move away from classical treatment methods and apply to treatment methods that can provide faster and more effective results. This is also the aim of this study. Gvac may offer hope to GBM patients awaiting treatment around the world and the studies need to be carried forward.