{"title":"高温对2023年7 - 9月亚利桑那州小学户外休息的影响。","authors":"Allison Poulos, Kylie Wilson","doi":"10.1177/00333549251342205","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>School recess is an important setting to support children's health; however, inclement weather, including extreme heat, affects the provision of recess. We conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the number of days that recess in elementary schools was disrupted because of heat in the first quarter of the 2023-2024 school year. We obtained data by conducting a survey among teachers representing 61 elementary schools in Maricopa County, Arizona. Daily high temperatures during this time ranged from 90°F (32.2°C) to 119°F (48.3°C). Almost all schools (93%) modified traditional outdoor recess because of heat. Across schools, recess disruption averaged 3.5 weeks. Almost half of the schools (49%) reported 4 to 6 weeks of disrupted recess, comprising 44% to 67% of the first quarter of the school year or up to 16% of the entire school year. Although state policies mandating daily school recess exist, they generally do not address the provision of recess during inclement weather, including heat. Given the health benefits of recess for children, minimizing heat exposure in schoolyards and supporting indoor recess during times of extreme heat should be prioritized.</p>","PeriodicalId":20793,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Reports","volume":" ","pages":"333549251342205"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12228638/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Effect of Heat on Outdoor Recess in Arizona Elementary Schools, July-September 2023.\",\"authors\":\"Allison Poulos, Kylie Wilson\",\"doi\":\"10.1177/00333549251342205\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>School recess is an important setting to support children's health; however, inclement weather, including extreme heat, affects the provision of recess. We conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the number of days that recess in elementary schools was disrupted because of heat in the first quarter of the 2023-2024 school year. We obtained data by conducting a survey among teachers representing 61 elementary schools in Maricopa County, Arizona. Daily high temperatures during this time ranged from 90°F (32.2°C) to 119°F (48.3°C). Almost all schools (93%) modified traditional outdoor recess because of heat. Across schools, recess disruption averaged 3.5 weeks. Almost half of the schools (49%) reported 4 to 6 weeks of disrupted recess, comprising 44% to 67% of the first quarter of the school year or up to 16% of the entire school year. Although state policies mandating daily school recess exist, they generally do not address the provision of recess during inclement weather, including heat. Given the health benefits of recess for children, minimizing heat exposure in schoolyards and supporting indoor recess during times of extreme heat should be prioritized.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":20793,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Public Health Reports\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"333549251342205\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-07-05\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12228638/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Public Health Reports\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1177/00333549251342205\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Public Health Reports","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00333549251342205","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH","Score":null,"Total":0}
Effect of Heat on Outdoor Recess in Arizona Elementary Schools, July-September 2023.
School recess is an important setting to support children's health; however, inclement weather, including extreme heat, affects the provision of recess. We conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the number of days that recess in elementary schools was disrupted because of heat in the first quarter of the 2023-2024 school year. We obtained data by conducting a survey among teachers representing 61 elementary schools in Maricopa County, Arizona. Daily high temperatures during this time ranged from 90°F (32.2°C) to 119°F (48.3°C). Almost all schools (93%) modified traditional outdoor recess because of heat. Across schools, recess disruption averaged 3.5 weeks. Almost half of the schools (49%) reported 4 to 6 weeks of disrupted recess, comprising 44% to 67% of the first quarter of the school year or up to 16% of the entire school year. Although state policies mandating daily school recess exist, they generally do not address the provision of recess during inclement weather, including heat. Given the health benefits of recess for children, minimizing heat exposure in schoolyards and supporting indoor recess during times of extreme heat should be prioritized.
期刊介绍:
Public Health Reports is the official journal of the Office of the U.S. Surgeon General and the U.S. Public Health Service and has been published since 1878. It is published bimonthly, plus supplement issues, through an official agreement with the Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health. The journal is peer-reviewed and publishes original research and commentaries in the areas of public health practice and methodology, original research, public health law, and public health schools and teaching. Issues contain regular commentaries by the U.S. Surgeon General and executives of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Health.
The journal focuses upon such topics as tobacco control, teenage violence, occupational disease and injury, immunization, drug policy, lead screening, health disparities, and many other key and emerging public health issues. In addition to the six regular issues, PHR produces supplemental issues approximately 2-5 times per year which focus on specific topics that are of particular interest to our readership. The journal''s contributors are on the front line of public health and they present their work in a readable and accessible format.