Investigation of Non-Imaging CPVT systems designed based on axial tilt acceptance angle: experimental study and response surface methodology

This study presents a novel approach by designing and evaluating non-imaging concentrators, including V-trough, compound parabolic (CPC), and compound hyperbolic (CHC) concentrators optimized with the Earth’s axial tilt acceptance angle to enhance solar energy utilization. Thermal and electrical performances and exergy-based performance evaluations were experimentally analyzed to calculate useful energy production. Annual performance metrics and payback periods were assessed. Additionally, optimization analyses using response surface methods were conducted to examine interactions among operating parameters. The CPC system achieved the highest thermal and electrical performance, with an overall efficiency of 77.69 % and annual energy production of 103.23 kWh at a 300 ml/min flow rate. However, its higher initial cost extended the payback period to 7.31 years. In contrast, the V-trough system excelled in electricity generation, producing 77.72 kWh annually and demonstrating the minimum return on investment in 5.82 years. The CHC system showed significant efficiency improvements with increased flow rates, with an annual energy production of 81.94 kWh and a payback period of 6.77 years, while it was less effective under low solar radiation conditions. Results highlight the CPC’s superior thermal performance, particularly under low radiation, while the V-trough demonstrated stability and economic viability. The findings highlight the importance of temperature management and flow rate optimization in enhancing CPVT system efficiency and longevity.