性别认同有生理因素吗?

Natalia S Fernández, Rosa Fernández, Marcelino Gómez-Balaguer, Mireia Mora, Julio Guerrero-Fernández, Amadora Moral-Martos
{"title":"性别认同有生理因素吗?","authors":"Natalia S Fernández, Rosa Fernández, Marcelino Gómez-Balaguer, Mireia Mora, Julio Guerrero-Fernández, Amadora Moral-Martos","doi":"10.1016/j.anpede.2025.503883","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Gender identity is each person's internal sense of being a woman, a man, both, neither, or anywhere along the gender spectrum, which may (cisgender) or may not (transgender) coincide with the sex assigned at birth. The multiple difficulties experienced by transgender individuals constitutes a risk factor for mood disorders and self-harming behaviors. However, knowledge about biological influences on gender identity development has the potential to reduce the stigmatization of gender minorities.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We conducted a literature review of the available literature on the biological basis of gender identity, summarizing the main scientific evidence in the field in addition to its limitations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A growing body of research supports that the broad spectrum that characterizes gender identity constitutes a multifactorial trait with a heritable component. At the neuroanatomical level, this model translates to the high variability observed in the degree of masculinization/feminization of different features within a single brain, with considerable overlap between different gender identities at the individual level. Hence, neither genetic variants nor neuroanatomic measures can be used to identify or predict an individual's gender identity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The evolutionary advantage of sexual reproduction lies in the huge increase in variation produced among individuals. The continuous distribution of gender identities in the population appears to be just one more aspect of sexual reproduction as a source of variability.</p>","PeriodicalId":93868,"journal":{"name":"Anales de pediatria","volume":" ","pages":"503883"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Is there a biological component in gender identity?\",\"authors\":\"Natalia S Fernández, Rosa Fernández, Marcelino Gómez-Balaguer, Mireia Mora, Julio Guerrero-Fernández, Amadora Moral-Martos\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.anpede.2025.503883\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Gender identity is each person's internal sense of being a woman, a man, both, neither, or anywhere along the gender spectrum, which may (cisgender) or may not (transgender) coincide with the sex assigned at birth. The multiple difficulties experienced by transgender individuals constitutes a risk factor for mood disorders and self-harming behaviors. However, knowledge about biological influences on gender identity development has the potential to reduce the stigmatization of gender minorities.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We conducted a literature review of the available literature on the biological basis of gender identity, summarizing the main scientific evidence in the field in addition to its limitations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A growing body of research supports that the broad spectrum that characterizes gender identity constitutes a multifactorial trait with a heritable component. At the neuroanatomical level, this model translates to the high variability observed in the degree of masculinization/feminization of different features within a single brain, with considerable overlap between different gender identities at the individual level. Hence, neither genetic variants nor neuroanatomic measures can be used to identify or predict an individual's gender identity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The evolutionary advantage of sexual reproduction lies in the huge increase in variation produced among individuals. The continuous distribution of gender identities in the population appears to be just one more aspect of sexual reproduction as a source of variability.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":93868,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Anales de pediatria\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"503883\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-07-02\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Anales de pediatria\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anpede.2025.503883\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Anales de pediatria","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anpede.2025.503883","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

摘要

简介:性别认同是每个人内心对自己是女人、是男人、两者都是、两者都不是或在性别谱上的任何位置的感觉,它可能(顺性别)或不(跨性别)与出生时的性别一致。跨性别者所经历的多重困难构成了情绪障碍和自我伤害行为的危险因素。然而,关于性别认同发展的生物学影响的知识有可能减少对性别少数群体的污名化。材料和方法:我们对现有的关于性别认同生物学基础的文献进行了综述,总结了该领域的主要科学证据以及其局限性。结果:越来越多的研究表明,性别认同的广谱特征构成了具有遗传成分的多因素特征。在神经解剖学层面上,该模型解释了单个大脑中不同特征的男性化/女性化程度的高度可变性,在个体层面上,不同性别认同之间存在相当大的重叠。因此,无论是基因变异还是神经解剖学测量都不能用于识别或预测个体的性别认同。结论:有性生殖的进化优势在于个体间变异的巨大增加。性别认同在人口中的持续分布似乎只是有性生殖作为可变性来源的又一个方面。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Is there a biological component in gender identity?

Introduction: Gender identity is each person's internal sense of being a woman, a man, both, neither, or anywhere along the gender spectrum, which may (cisgender) or may not (transgender) coincide with the sex assigned at birth. The multiple difficulties experienced by transgender individuals constitutes a risk factor for mood disorders and self-harming behaviors. However, knowledge about biological influences on gender identity development has the potential to reduce the stigmatization of gender minorities.

Materials and methods: We conducted a literature review of the available literature on the biological basis of gender identity, summarizing the main scientific evidence in the field in addition to its limitations.

Results: A growing body of research supports that the broad spectrum that characterizes gender identity constitutes a multifactorial trait with a heritable component. At the neuroanatomical level, this model translates to the high variability observed in the degree of masculinization/feminization of different features within a single brain, with considerable overlap between different gender identities at the individual level. Hence, neither genetic variants nor neuroanatomic measures can be used to identify or predict an individual's gender identity.

Conclusion: The evolutionary advantage of sexual reproduction lies in the huge increase in variation produced among individuals. The continuous distribution of gender identities in the population appears to be just one more aspect of sexual reproduction as a source of variability.

求助全文
通过发布文献求助,成功后即可免费获取论文全文。 去求助
来源期刊
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
审稿时长
20 weeks
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:604180095
Book学术官方微信