Camylla C de Melo, Halana L N L de Oliveira, Bruna R Souza, Carla V R Moura, Rodrigo Oliveira, Rafael W Bastos, Karoline Kristina Kemmerich, João N de Almeida-Júnior, Arnaldo Lopes Colombo, Bram Spruijtenburg, Jacques F Meis, Patrice Le Pape, Carolyn G J Moonen, Reginaldo G de Lima-Neto
{"title":"多中心耳念珠菌（Candidozyma）爆发的进化系区分及克隆传播的傅里叶变换红外光谱追踪","authors":"Camylla C de Melo, Halana L N L de Oliveira, Bruna R Souza, Carla V R Moura, Rodrigo Oliveira, Rafael W Bastos, Karoline Kristina Kemmerich, João N de Almeida-Júnior, Arnaldo Lopes Colombo, Bram Spruijtenburg, Jacques F Meis, Patrice Le Pape, Carolyn G J Moonen, Reginaldo G de Lima-Neto","doi":"10.1111/myc.70085","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Candida (Candidozyma) auris has distinct genetic clades. Clade distinction is relevant for infection control and epidemiological purposes. State-of-the-art typing methodologies for clade distinction are based on genomic approaches, such as short tandem repeat (STR) analysis and whole-genome sequencing (WGS). However, they are time-consuming and expensive. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) is an alternative tool for strain typing based on their unique biochemical spectral profiles.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To apply FT-IR to differentiate C. auris clades and evaluate epidemiological relationships based on biochemical data among isolates from a multicenter C. auris outbreak in the state of Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty-nine C. auris strains from clades I, II, III, and IV were analysed. Fifty-nine were clade IV strains obtained from three outbreaks that took place in Pernambuco state, northeastern Brazil. An adjusted FT-IR spectroscopy protocol was applied to obtain carbohydrates and lipid fingerprints. Short Tandem Repeat (STR) analysis was used in order to validate the spectroscopy approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The adjusted preparation protocol for FT-IR analysis improved the spectral quality by 31.42% compared to standard protocol. FT-IR allowed us to discriminate C. auris clades I to IV. Moreover, important similarities were observed in C. auris clade IV strains obtained from two of the three hospitals, based on polysaccharides (1300-800 cm<sup>-1</sup>) plus lipids (3000-2800 cm<sup>-1</sup> and 1500-1400 cm<sup>-1</sup>) spectra. STR confirmed the similarity results obtained by FT-IR, clustering the strains from two different hospitals.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The IR Biotyper is fast, easy-to-use, and a promising alternative for moderate-to-high-complexity laboratories to differentiate C. auris clades. Furthermore, this technique has the potential for isolate-level source tracking, which could be valuable for monitoring transmission routes in clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":18797,"journal":{"name":"Mycoses","volume":"68 7","pages":"e70085"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12232120/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Clade Distinction and Tracking of Clonal Spread by Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy in Multicenter Candida (Candidozyma) auris Outbreak.\",\"authors\":\"Camylla C de Melo, Halana L N L de Oliveira, Bruna R Souza, Carla V R Moura, Rodrigo Oliveira, Rafael W Bastos, Karoline Kristina Kemmerich, João N de Almeida-Júnior, Arnaldo Lopes Colombo, Bram Spruijtenburg, Jacques F Meis, Patrice Le Pape, Carolyn G J Moonen, Reginaldo G de Lima-Neto\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/myc.70085\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Candida (Candidozyma) auris has distinct genetic clades. Clade distinction is relevant for infection control and epidemiological purposes. State-of-the-art typing methodologies for clade distinction are based on genomic approaches, such as short tandem repeat (STR) analysis and whole-genome sequencing (WGS). However, they are time-consuming and expensive. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) is an alternative tool for strain typing based on their unique biochemical spectral profiles.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To apply FT-IR to differentiate C. auris clades and evaluate epidemiological relationships based on biochemical data among isolates from a multicenter C. auris outbreak in the state of Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty-nine C. auris strains from clades I, II, III, and IV were analysed. Fifty-nine were clade IV strains obtained from three outbreaks that took place in Pernambuco state, northeastern Brazil. An adjusted FT-IR spectroscopy protocol was applied to obtain carbohydrates and lipid fingerprints. Short Tandem Repeat (STR) analysis was used in order to validate the spectroscopy approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The adjusted preparation protocol for FT-IR analysis improved the spectral quality by 31.42% compared to standard protocol. FT-IR allowed us to discriminate C. auris clades I to IV. Moreover, important similarities were observed in C. auris clade IV strains obtained from two of the three hospitals, based on polysaccharides (1300-800 cm<sup>-1</sup>) plus lipids (3000-2800 cm<sup>-1</sup> and 1500-1400 cm<sup>-1</sup>) spectra. STR confirmed the similarity results obtained by FT-IR, clustering the strains from two different hospitals.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The IR Biotyper is fast, easy-to-use, and a promising alternative for moderate-to-high-complexity laboratories to differentiate C. auris clades. 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Clade Distinction and Tracking of Clonal Spread by Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy in Multicenter Candida (Candidozyma) auris Outbreak.
Background: Candida (Candidozyma) auris has distinct genetic clades. Clade distinction is relevant for infection control and epidemiological purposes. State-of-the-art typing methodologies for clade distinction are based on genomic approaches, such as short tandem repeat (STR) analysis and whole-genome sequencing (WGS). However, they are time-consuming and expensive. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) is an alternative tool for strain typing based on their unique biochemical spectral profiles.
Objectives: To apply FT-IR to differentiate C. auris clades and evaluate epidemiological relationships based on biochemical data among isolates from a multicenter C. auris outbreak in the state of Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil.
Methods: Sixty-nine C. auris strains from clades I, II, III, and IV were analysed. Fifty-nine were clade IV strains obtained from three outbreaks that took place in Pernambuco state, northeastern Brazil. An adjusted FT-IR spectroscopy protocol was applied to obtain carbohydrates and lipid fingerprints. Short Tandem Repeat (STR) analysis was used in order to validate the spectroscopy approach.
Results: The adjusted preparation protocol for FT-IR analysis improved the spectral quality by 31.42% compared to standard protocol. FT-IR allowed us to discriminate C. auris clades I to IV. Moreover, important similarities were observed in C. auris clade IV strains obtained from two of the three hospitals, based on polysaccharides (1300-800 cm-1) plus lipids (3000-2800 cm-1 and 1500-1400 cm-1) spectra. STR confirmed the similarity results obtained by FT-IR, clustering the strains from two different hospitals.
Conclusions: The IR Biotyper is fast, easy-to-use, and a promising alternative for moderate-to-high-complexity laboratories to differentiate C. auris clades. Furthermore, this technique has the potential for isolate-level source tracking, which could be valuable for monitoring transmission routes in clinical settings.
期刊介绍：
The journal Mycoses provides an international forum for original papers in English on the pathogenesis, diagnosis, therapy, prophylaxis, and epidemiology of fungal infectious diseases in humans as well as on the biology of pathogenic fungi.
Medical mycology as part of medical microbiology is advancing rapidly. Effective therapeutic strategies are already available in chemotherapy and are being further developed. Their application requires reliable laboratory diagnostic techniques, which, in turn, result from mycological basic research. Opportunistic mycoses vary greatly in their clinical and pathological symptoms, because the underlying disease of a patient at risk decisively determines their symptomatology and progress. The journal Mycoses is therefore of interest to scientists in fundamental mycological research, mycological laboratory diagnosticians and clinicians interested in fungal infections.
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