Gloria Wong, Miriam E Clegg, Damian Ross, Julie A Lovegrove, Kim G Jackson
{"title":"来自随机对照交叉CocoHeart研究的发现:与一般健康男性的不饱和脂肪相比,连续膳食含有动物和植物饱和脂肪对餐后肠道激素有不同的影响,但对饱腹感没有影响。","authors":"Gloria Wong, Miriam E Clegg, Damian Ross, Julie A Lovegrove, Kim G Jackson","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.06.027","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Saturated fat (SFA)-rich meals are often linked to elevated postprandial triacylglycerol responses compared with unsaturated fats. Despite the growing popularity of coconut oil in the United Kingdom diet, effects of this SFA-rich oil on postprandial lipemia and physiological appetite responses are unclear.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study compared sequential high-fat test meals rich in butter and coconut oil with a vegetable oil blend (safflower and olive oil) on postprandial triacylglycerol (primary outcome), lipids, glucose, and gut hormones responses, and physiological measures of appetite in healthy males.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a single-blind, randomized acute 3-armed crossover study, 13 males (53 ± 3 years, body mass index 24.4 ± 3.0 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) consumed sequential test meals containing SFA-rich oils/fats or a vegetable oil blend (breakfast 53.6 g and lunch 33.6 g fat) on 3 occasions, each separated by a 4-wk period. Blood samples and satiety ratings were collected prior to and at regular intervals over 480 min posttest breakfast. Blood pressure and arterial stiffness were measured at 0, 150, 300, and 480 min. Postprandial data were analyzed using linear mixed models and satiety ratings using analysis of covariance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Postprandial triacylglycerol, glucose, insulin, ghrelin, blood pressure, and arterial stiffness or perceived satiety responses were similar between the test fat/oils. The incremental area under the curve (iAUC) for the postprandial glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide response was higher with vegetable oil compared with the SFA-rich meals whereas the glucagon-like peptide-1 response was lower after the butter than coconut and vegetable oil-rich meals (P ≤ 0.012). The iAUC for the peptide YY response was lower after butter than coconut oil-rich meals (P ≤ 0.048), but not different compared with vegetable oil.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite varying fatty acid compositions, postprandial triacylglycerol responses were similar between fats/oils. Our findings suggest that butter and coconut oil have differential effects on gut hormone responses compared with unsaturated fats without an impact on satiety in generally healthy males.</p><p><strong>Trial registration number: </strong>NCT05264233.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Sequential Meals Containing Animal and Plant-Based Saturated Fats Have Differential Effects on Postprandial Gut Hormones but No Impact on Satiety Compared with Unsaturated Fats in Generally Healthy Males: Findings from the Randomized Controlled Crossover CocoHeart Study.\",\"authors\":\"Gloria Wong, Miriam E Clegg, Damian Ross, Julie A Lovegrove, Kim G Jackson\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.06.027\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Saturated fat (SFA)-rich meals are often linked to elevated postprandial triacylglycerol responses compared with unsaturated fats. Despite the growing popularity of coconut oil in the United Kingdom diet, effects of this SFA-rich oil on postprandial lipemia and physiological appetite responses are unclear.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study compared sequential high-fat test meals rich in butter and coconut oil with a vegetable oil blend (safflower and olive oil) on postprandial triacylglycerol (primary outcome), lipids, glucose, and gut hormones responses, and physiological measures of appetite in healthy males.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a single-blind, randomized acute 3-armed crossover study, 13 males (53 ± 3 years, body mass index 24.4 ± 3.0 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) consumed sequential test meals containing SFA-rich oils/fats or a vegetable oil blend (breakfast 53.6 g and lunch 33.6 g fat) on 3 occasions, each separated by a 4-wk period. Blood samples and satiety ratings were collected prior to and at regular intervals over 480 min posttest breakfast. Blood pressure and arterial stiffness were measured at 0, 150, 300, and 480 min. Postprandial data were analyzed using linear mixed models and satiety ratings using analysis of covariance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Postprandial triacylglycerol, glucose, insulin, ghrelin, blood pressure, and arterial stiffness or perceived satiety responses were similar between the test fat/oils. The incremental area under the curve (iAUC) for the postprandial glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide response was higher with vegetable oil compared with the SFA-rich meals whereas the glucagon-like peptide-1 response was lower after the butter than coconut and vegetable oil-rich meals (P ≤ 0.012). The iAUC for the peptide YY response was lower after butter than coconut oil-rich meals (P ≤ 0.048), but not different compared with vegetable oil.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite varying fatty acid compositions, postprandial triacylglycerol responses were similar between fats/oils. Our findings suggest that butter and coconut oil have differential effects on gut hormone responses compared with unsaturated fats without an impact on satiety in generally healthy males.</p><p><strong>Trial registration number: </strong>NCT05264233.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":16620,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Nutrition\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-07-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Nutrition\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.06.027\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"NUTRITION & DIETETICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Nutrition","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.06.027","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"NUTRITION & DIETETICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Sequential Meals Containing Animal and Plant-Based Saturated Fats Have Differential Effects on Postprandial Gut Hormones but No Impact on Satiety Compared with Unsaturated Fats in Generally Healthy Males: Findings from the Randomized Controlled Crossover CocoHeart Study.
Background: Saturated fat (SFA)-rich meals are often linked to elevated postprandial triacylglycerol responses compared with unsaturated fats. Despite the growing popularity of coconut oil in the United Kingdom diet, effects of this SFA-rich oil on postprandial lipemia and physiological appetite responses are unclear.
Objectives: This study compared sequential high-fat test meals rich in butter and coconut oil with a vegetable oil blend (safflower and olive oil) on postprandial triacylglycerol (primary outcome), lipids, glucose, and gut hormones responses, and physiological measures of appetite in healthy males.
Methods: In a single-blind, randomized acute 3-armed crossover study, 13 males (53 ± 3 years, body mass index 24.4 ± 3.0 kg/m2) consumed sequential test meals containing SFA-rich oils/fats or a vegetable oil blend (breakfast 53.6 g and lunch 33.6 g fat) on 3 occasions, each separated by a 4-wk period. Blood samples and satiety ratings were collected prior to and at regular intervals over 480 min posttest breakfast. Blood pressure and arterial stiffness were measured at 0, 150, 300, and 480 min. Postprandial data were analyzed using linear mixed models and satiety ratings using analysis of covariance.
Results: Postprandial triacylglycerol, glucose, insulin, ghrelin, blood pressure, and arterial stiffness or perceived satiety responses were similar between the test fat/oils. The incremental area under the curve (iAUC) for the postprandial glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide response was higher with vegetable oil compared with the SFA-rich meals whereas the glucagon-like peptide-1 response was lower after the butter than coconut and vegetable oil-rich meals (P ≤ 0.012). The iAUC for the peptide YY response was lower after butter than coconut oil-rich meals (P ≤ 0.048), but not different compared with vegetable oil.
Conclusions: Despite varying fatty acid compositions, postprandial triacylglycerol responses were similar between fats/oils. Our findings suggest that butter and coconut oil have differential effects on gut hormone responses compared with unsaturated fats without an impact on satiety in generally healthy males.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Nutrition (JN/J Nutr) publishes peer-reviewed original research papers covering all aspects of experimental nutrition in humans and other animal species; special articles such as reviews and biographies of prominent nutrition scientists; and issues, opinions, and commentaries on controversial issues in nutrition. Supplements are frequently published to provide extended discussion of topics of special interest.