{"title":"补钙、遗传易感性和特发性肺纤维化风险：一项前瞻性研究。","authors":"Bingxin Shang, Yuxin Yao, Yujia Xie, Haoyu Yin, Shiyu Yang, Xiaojie You, Haoxiang Liu, Fei Luo, Jixuan Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.06.024","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The association between calcium supplementation and the risk of incident idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is largely unknown.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the association of calcium supplementation with IPF incidence and further explore the modifying effect of genetic susceptibility.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study analyzed 472,468 participants from the UK Biobank. The information on the calcium supplement use was obtained from the baseline touchscreen questionnaire, and the IPF case was identified using the International Classification of Diseases with the 10th edition codes J48.1, and further excluded secondary pulmonary fibrosis-related diseases. We used the Cox proportional hazard model to assess the association between calcium supplementation and the risk of IPF incidence. Besides, we calculated the IPF-specific polygenic risk score for each individual and assessed the modifying effect of genetic susceptibility.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a median follow-up of 12.82 y, a total of 1859 new-onset IPF cases were identified. After adjusting for traditional risk factors, we found that calcium supplement use was significantly associated with a 30% increased risk of IPF (hazard ratio: 1.30; 95% confidence interval: 1.08, 1.57). Stratified analyses showed that sex modified the observed associations, and the adverse effect of calcium supplement use was stronger among males (P-interaction: 0.037). Moreover, there was a cumulative effect of genetic factors and calcium supplementation on the risk of incident IPF. Compared with calcium supplementation nonusers with low genetic risk, those with calcium supplementation and high genetic risk had the highest risk of IPF incidence (hazard ratio: 3.47; 95% CI: 2.59, 4.66).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides observational evidence that calcium supplementation may be a novel risk factor for IPF. Our findings highlight the importance of caution regarding the use of calcium supplements. Further experimental studies are still required to validate our results and elucidate the exact mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":16620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Calcium Supplementation, Genetic Susceptibility, and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Risk: A Prospective Study.\",\"authors\":\"Bingxin Shang, Yuxin Yao, Yujia Xie, Haoyu Yin, Shiyu Yang, Xiaojie You, Haoxiang Liu, Fei Luo, Jixuan Ma\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.06.024\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The association between calcium supplementation and the risk of incident idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is largely unknown.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the association of calcium supplementation with IPF incidence and further explore the modifying effect of genetic susceptibility.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study analyzed 472,468 participants from the UK Biobank. The information on the calcium supplement use was obtained from the baseline touchscreen questionnaire, and the IPF case was identified using the International Classification of Diseases with the 10th edition codes J48.1, and further excluded secondary pulmonary fibrosis-related diseases. We used the Cox proportional hazard model to assess the association between calcium supplementation and the risk of IPF incidence. Besides, we calculated the IPF-specific polygenic risk score for each individual and assessed the modifying effect of genetic susceptibility.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a median follow-up of 12.82 y, a total of 1859 new-onset IPF cases were identified. After adjusting for traditional risk factors, we found that calcium supplement use was significantly associated with a 30% increased risk of IPF (hazard ratio: 1.30; 95% confidence interval: 1.08, 1.57). Stratified analyses showed that sex modified the observed associations, and the adverse effect of calcium supplement use was stronger among males (P-interaction: 0.037). Moreover, there was a cumulative effect of genetic factors and calcium supplementation on the risk of incident IPF. Compared with calcium supplementation nonusers with low genetic risk, those with calcium supplementation and high genetic risk had the highest risk of IPF incidence (hazard ratio: 3.47; 95% CI: 2.59, 4.66).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides observational evidence that calcium supplementation may be a novel risk factor for IPF. Our findings highlight the importance of caution regarding the use of calcium supplements. Further experimental studies are still required to validate our results and elucidate the exact mechanisms.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":16620,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Nutrition\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-07-02\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Nutrition\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.06.024\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"NUTRITION & DIETETICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Nutrition","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.06.024","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"NUTRITION & DIETETICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Calcium Supplementation, Genetic Susceptibility, and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Risk: A Prospective Study.
Background: The association between calcium supplementation and the risk of incident idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is largely unknown.
Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the association of calcium supplementation with IPF incidence and further explore the modifying effect of genetic susceptibility.
Methods: This study analyzed 472,468 participants from the UK Biobank. The information on the calcium supplement use was obtained from the baseline touchscreen questionnaire, and the IPF case was identified using the International Classification of Diseases with the 10th edition codes J48.1, and further excluded secondary pulmonary fibrosis-related diseases. We used the Cox proportional hazard model to assess the association between calcium supplementation and the risk of IPF incidence. Besides, we calculated the IPF-specific polygenic risk score for each individual and assessed the modifying effect of genetic susceptibility.
Results: During a median follow-up of 12.82 y, a total of 1859 new-onset IPF cases were identified. After adjusting for traditional risk factors, we found that calcium supplement use was significantly associated with a 30% increased risk of IPF (hazard ratio: 1.30; 95% confidence interval: 1.08, 1.57). Stratified analyses showed that sex modified the observed associations, and the adverse effect of calcium supplement use was stronger among males (P-interaction: 0.037). Moreover, there was a cumulative effect of genetic factors and calcium supplementation on the risk of incident IPF. Compared with calcium supplementation nonusers with low genetic risk, those with calcium supplementation and high genetic risk had the highest risk of IPF incidence (hazard ratio: 3.47; 95% CI: 2.59, 4.66).
Conclusions: This study provides observational evidence that calcium supplementation may be a novel risk factor for IPF. Our findings highlight the importance of caution regarding the use of calcium supplements. Further experimental studies are still required to validate our results and elucidate the exact mechanisms.
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Nutrition (JN/J Nutr) publishes peer-reviewed original research papers covering all aspects of experimental nutrition in humans and other animal species; special articles such as reviews and biographies of prominent nutrition scientists; and issues, opinions, and commentaries on controversial issues in nutrition. Supplements are frequently published to provide extended discussion of topics of special interest.
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