180育肥制度对乳×牛杂交阉牛生长、效率和胴体品质的影响

IF 2.9 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Journal of animal science Pub Date : 2025-06-27 DOI:10.1093/jas/skaf170.038

Ally J Grote, Zane N Grigsby, Paul A Beck, Tom Fanning, Dusty Turner

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引用次数: 0

摘要

我们的目的是确定犊牛饲喂（CF）或1年饲喂（YF）育肥系统对牛乳杂交（DB）阉牛生产性能和胴体特性的影响，并与本地肉牛（NB）阉牛进行比较。NB阉牛是从德克萨斯州施韦特纳的国会土地和牲畜公司收购的。这些DB奶牛是从德克萨斯州哈特市的五星乳业公司收购的。NBCF和DBCF转牛从源头直接运输到商业饲料场（Buffalo Feeders, Buffalo， OK）。育肥前，犊牛在混合草地上放牧144 d。在饲养场加工时，给阉牛植入100毫克醋酸trenbolone和14毫克雌二醇苯甲酸酯（Synovex Choice, Zoetis Animal Health, Parsipanny， NJ）。将阉牛重新植入200毫克醋酸trenbolone和28毫克雌二醇苯甲酸酯（Synovex One Feedlot, Zoetis Animal Health）或200毫克醋酸trenbolone和28毫克雌二醇苯甲酸酯（Synovex Plus, Zoetis Animal Health）。NBCF阉牛饲喂26%粗料生长日粮（15%粗蛋白质和1.2 Mcal NEg/kg），为期97 d，然后通过一系列强化日粮（13%粗蛋白质和1.3 Mcal NEg/kg）过渡到7%粗料、育成日粮（13%粗蛋白质和1.6 Mcal NEg/kg），为期13 d。连续饲喂饲粮19 d，在64 d过渡到肥育饲粮。在过渡到育肥期饲粮之前，饲喂一系列补强饲粮29 d。对于CF， DB和NB的初始体重没有差异（P=0.11）。YFNB的初始体重增加了21 kg (P<；0.01)，高于YFDB。再种植时，YFDB和YFNB无差异，且YF组均大于CF组，差异无统计学意义（P=0.73）。YFDB补偿了之前与YFNB的初始体重差的114%。DBYF组的总体ADG最高。0.01)， NBCF的ADG最小(P<；0.01)， NBYF和DBCF处于中间水平。背膘厚存在品种互作肥育体系（P=0.03）， NBCF的背膘厚最大，DBYF的背膘厚最小，而DBCF和NBYF介于两者之间。产量等级更高(P<；0.01)，但无品种效应（P=0.12）。肝脓肿总体上有一个品种(P<；0.01)和肥育系统效应（P=0.01），其中DB和YF的肝脓肿发生率较高。在饲养场内的头83天内，饲喂乳牛的阉牛表现出补偿性增重。品种和肥育制度对生产性能有影响，但对胴体品质和肝脓肿的影响最小。

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180 Effects of finishing system on growth, efficiency, and carcass quality of Dairy × Beef crossbred steers compared to native beef steers

Our objective was to determine the effect of calf-fed (CF) or yearling-fed (YF) finishing systems on performance and carcass characteristics of dairy-beef (DB) crossbred steers compared to native beef (NB) steers. The NB steers were acquired from Capitol Land and Livestock in Schwertner, Texas. The DB steers were acquired from 5-Star Dairy in Hart, Texas. The NBCF and DBCF steers were transported directly to commercial feedyard (Buffalo Feeders, Buffalo, OK) from the source. Yearling fed steers grazed mixed grass prairie for 144-d before finishing. At feedlot processing, steers were implanted with 100 mg of trenbolone acetate and 14 mg of estradiol benzoate (Synovex Choice, Zoetis Animal Health, Parsipanny, NJ). Steers were reimplanted with either 200 mg of trenbolone acetate and 28 mg of estradiol benzoate (Synovex One Feedlot, Zoetis Animal Health) or 200 mg of trenbolone acetate and 28 mg of estradiol benzoate (Synovex Plus, Zoetis Animal Health). The NBCF steers were fed a 26% roughage growing ration (15% CP and 1.2 Mcal NEg/kg) for 97 d then transitioned through a series of step-up diets (13% CP and 1.3 Mcal NEg/kg) for 13 d to a 7% roughage, finishing diet (13% CP and 1.6 Mcal NEg/kg). The CFDB were fed a series of step-up diets for 19 d each before transitioning to a finishing diet at d 64. The YF steers were fed a series of step-up diets for 29 d before transitioning to the finishing diet. For CF, initial BW did not differ for DB and NB (P=0.11). The initial BW of YFNB was 21 kg greater (P< 0.01) than YFDB. Yet at reimplant, YFDB and YFNB did not differ and both YF groups were greater than CF group which did not differ (P=0.73). The YFDB compensated for 114% of the previous difference in initial BW from YFNB. The DBYF steers had the greatest overall ADG (P< 0.01) with NBCF having the least ADG (P< 0.01) and NBYF and DBCF being intermediate. There was a finishing system by breed interaction for back-fat thickness (P=0.03) where NBCF had the greatest back-fat thickness, and DBYF having the least BFT, while DBCF and NBYF were intermediate. Yield grade was greater (P< 0.01) in YF than CF, but there was no breed effect (P=0.12). Overall liver abscesses had a breed (P< 0.01) and finishing system effect (P=0.01) with DB and YF steers having a higher incidence of liver abscesses. Dairy-beef yearling-fed steers exhibited compensatory gain from grazing within the first 83 d of being in the feedlot. Breed and finishing system had an impact of performance but exhibited minimal impact on carcass quality or liver abscesses.

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来源期刊

Journal of animal science 农林科学-奶制品与动物科学

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

12.10%

发文量

1589

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Animal Science (JAS) is the premier journal for animal science and serves as the leading source of new knowledge and perspective in this area. JAS publishes more than 500 fully reviewed research articles, invited reviews, technical notes, and letters to the editor each year. Articles published in JAS encompass a broad range of research topics in animal production and fundamental aspects of genetics, nutrition, physiology, and preparation and utilization of animal products. Articles typically report research with beef cattle, companion animals, goats, horses, pigs, and sheep; however, studies involving other farm animals, aquatic and wildlife species, and laboratory animal species that address fundamental questions related to livestock and companion animal biology will be considered for publication.