加州大麻合法化期间儿童大麻暴露的特征和趋势。

IF 4.3 2区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL
Laura A Schmidt, Laurie M Jacobs, Ellicott C Matthay, James Roake, Justin Lewis, Raymond Ho, Dorie E Apollonio
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引用次数: 0

摘要

导读:2016年,加州将成人娱乐用大麻合法化;自2018年开始娱乐销售以来,中国已成为全球最大的零售市场。这项研究概述了各年龄组的具体风险和预防机会,并检查了在大麻合法化前后具有医学意义的儿童大麻接触的变化。方法:研究人员进行了分析,包括中断时间序列,以检查2010-2020年加州毒物控制系统(CPCS)中0-17岁儿童大麻暴露的1695份报告。分析仅限于中度和重度暴露,经CPCS毒理学家确定需要医疗护理。结果:大麻合法化后,每月每百万儿童中/重度大麻暴露率增加(β=0.06, CI[0.05, 0.08]),特别是5岁以下儿童。14%的人需要重症监护。幼儿暴露主要是无意的(87.7-99.2%),青少年暴露主要是有意的(85.5%)。在所有年龄段中,大多数暴露发生在家中(94.0%),涉及食用产品(83.5%)。一项对健康记录中经常引用的可食用品牌包装的分析发现,大多数可食用品牌很容易被误认为是流行的糖果和零食。结论:在加利福尼亚州大麻合法化之后,需要医疗照顾的儿童大麻暴露报告显著增加。大多数报告的大麻暴露发生在家中,通过摄入可食用产品,通常包装成流行的糖果和零食品牌。为了防止这些危害,大麻合法化应伴随着强有力的营销和包装规定(例如,普通标签、更大的警告标签)。二级预防应侧重于教育父母和照顾者如何在家中安全储存大麻。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Characteristics and Trends in Child Cannabis Exposures During Legalization in California.

Introduction: In 2016, California legalized cannabis for adult recreational use; after recreational sales began in 2018, it became the largest retail market worldwide. This study profiled specific risks and prevention opportunities across age groups and examined changes in medically significant child cannabis exposures before and after legalization.

Methods: Researchers conducted analyses, including interrupted time-series, to examine 1695 California Poison Control System (CPCS) reports of cannabis exposure in children 0-17 years of age, from 2010-2020. Analyses were confined to moderate and severe exposures, identified by CPCS toxicologists as requiring medical attention.

Results: Monthly rates of moderate/severe cannabis exposure per million children increased following legalization (β=0.06, CI [0.05, 0.08]), especially in children under 5. Fourteen percent required critical care admission. Exposures were primarily unintentional in younger children (87.7-99.2%) and intentional in adolescents (85.5%). Across all ages, most exposures occurred in the home (94.0%) and involved edible products (83.5%). An analysis of packaging on edible brands frequently cited in health records found that most could be easily mistaken for popular candies and snack foods.

Conclusions: Following cannabis legalization in California, reports of child cannabis exposures requiring medical attention increased significantly. Most reported cannabis exposures occurred in the home through the ingestion of edible products, often packaged to look like popular candy and snack food brands. To prevent these harms, cannabis legalization should be accompanied by robust marketing and packaging regulations (e.g., plain labels, larger warning labels). Secondary prevention should focus on educating parents and caregivers on safe cannabis storage in the home.

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来源期刊
American Journal of Preventive Medicine
American Journal of Preventive Medicine 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生
CiteScore
8.60
自引率
1.80%
发文量
395
审稿时长
32 days
期刊介绍: The American Journal of Preventive Medicine is the official journal of the American College of Preventive Medicine and the Association for Prevention Teaching and Research. It publishes articles in the areas of prevention research, teaching, practice and policy. Original research is published on interventions aimed at the prevention of chronic and acute disease and the promotion of individual and community health. Of particular emphasis are papers that address the primary and secondary prevention of important clinical, behavioral and public health issues such as injury and violence, infectious disease, women''s health, smoking, sedentary behaviors and physical activity, nutrition, diabetes, obesity, and substance use disorders. Papers also address educational initiatives aimed at improving the ability of health professionals to provide effective clinical prevention and public health services. Papers on health services research pertinent to prevention and public health are also published. The journal also publishes official policy statements from the two co-sponsoring organizations, review articles, media reviews, and editorials. Finally, the journal periodically publishes supplements and special theme issues devoted to areas of current interest to the prevention community.
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