The Immunopathogenesis of Adamantiades-Behçet Uveitis: Advances in Understanding of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms.

Adamantiades-Behçet disease (ABD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder manifesting as systemic vasculitis, characterized by recurrent oral and genital ulcers, skin lesions, and uveitis. Much has been elucidated regarding immunopathogenesis since the initial identification of a strong genetic susceptibility related to a HLA-B51 variant. Current understanding of the disease involves a complex interplay between defective antigen processing, environmental triggers, and an altered balance between different components of the immune system. This review aims to comprehensively synthesize the immunogenetics and immunopathology of ABD, particularly concerning ocular involvement, summarizing the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the disease.