用于b细胞分析的创新单细胞测序技术及其对合理HIV-1疫苗设计的意义

IF 1 4区 医学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY
Denise Guerra, Laura T M Graus, Tim Beaumont, Mathieu Claireaux, Marit J van Gils
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引用次数: 0

摘要

应用单细胞分析研究免疫细胞多样性历来被认为是一项复杂的任务。最近,创新技术的出现彻底改变了免疫细胞的探索方式,为这个复杂系统的动力学提供了前所未有的见解。特别是,新的方法已经能够详细表征b细胞反应,包括免疫库、基因表达和单个细胞水平的表型分析。通过分析单个b细胞,研究人员可以揭示它们的异质性,追踪克隆进化,并随着时间的推移跟踪感染和接种疫苗期间的免疫反应,从而更深入地了解抗体分泌和免疫记忆形成的机制。这些知识可以为最佳免疫原、佐剂和疫苗平台的开发提供信息,这对于诱导强大、持久的保护反应和克服疫苗研究中的现有挑战至关重要。这对于针对某些病原体的合理疫苗设计尤其有价值,例如人类免疫缺陷病毒[HIV-1],由于需要引发针对遗传多样性包膜糖蛋白三聚体上保守表位的罕见广泛中和抗体,因此成功的疫苗仍有待开发。本文将重点介绍在传染病和疫苗接种背景下分析b细胞反应的单细胞测序技术和生物信息学工具的最新进展。将讨论单细胞测序技术、它们的应用以及它们在推进下一代疫苗设计中的关键作用,特别是在HIV-1的背景下。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Innovative Single-Cell Sequencing Techniques for B-Cell Analysis and Their Implications for Rational HIV-1 Vaccine Design.

The application of single-cell analysis to investigate immune cell diversity has historically been considered a complex task. Recently, innovative techniques have emerged revolutionizing the way immune cells can be explored, offering unprecedented insights into the dynamics of this complex system. In particular, novel approaches have enabled a detailed characterization of B-cell responses, encompassing immune repertoire, gene expression, and phenotype analysis at an individual cell level. By analyzing single B-cells, researchers can unravel their heterogeneity, trace clonal evolution, and track immune responses during infections and vaccinations over time, gaining a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying antibody secretion and immune memory formation. This knowledge can inform the development of optimal immunogens, adjuvants, and vaccine platforms, which are crucial for inducing robust, long-lasting protective responses and overcoming existing challenges in vaccine research. This is particularly valuable for rational vaccine design against certain pathogens, such as human immunodeficiency virus [HIV-1], for which a successful vaccine remains to be developed due to the need to elicit rare broadly neutralizing antibodies that target conserved epitopes on the genetically diverse envelope glycoprotein trimer. This review will highlight the latest advancements in single-cell sequencing techniques and bioinformatic tools for the analysis of B-cell responses in the context of infectious diseases and vaccinations. Single-cell sequencing techniques, their applications, and their pivotal role in advancing the design of next-generation vaccines, especially in the context of HIV-1, will be discussed.

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来源期刊
Current HIV Research
Current HIV Research 医学-病毒学
CiteScore
1.90
自引率
10.00%
发文量
81
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Current HIV Research covers all the latest and outstanding developments of HIV research by publishing original research, review articles and guest edited thematic issues. The novel pioneering work in the basic and clinical fields on all areas of HIV research covers: virus replication and gene expression, HIV assembly, virus-cell interaction, viral pathogenesis, epidemiology and transmission, anti-retroviral therapy and adherence, drug discovery, the latest developments in HIV/AIDS vaccines and animal models, mechanisms and interactions with AIDS related diseases, social and public health issues related to HIV disease, and prevention of viral infection. Periodically, the journal invites guest editors to devote an issue on a particular area of HIV research of great interest that increases our understanding of the virus and its complex interaction with the host.
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