Employing covalent organic framework (COF) as carrier in an aptamer-targeted theranostic nanoplatform: investigation of its therapeutic and diagnostic properties in vitro and in vivo.

In this study, we developed a novel theranostic nanoplatform integrating a covalent organic framework (COF) with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) for targeted cancer therapy and diagnosis. The system was engineered to co-deliver deferasirox (DFX), an iron chelator, and a MUC1-specific aptamer for selective targeting of cancer cells. This multifunctional architecture enables simultaneous imaging via MRI and enhanced therapeutic efficacy through targeted drug delivery. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated promising antitumor performance and selective cytotoxicity towards cancer cells compared to non-targeted controls. These findings highlight the potential of COF-based platforms in advancing personalised nanomedicine.