From teacher motivation to teaching behaviour: A systematic review and theoretical framework of the mediating processes

Teacher motivation plays a key role in achieving a high instructional quality. However, there is a clear need for more detailed research on the underlying mechanisms that link teacher motivation to high-quality instruction. In this systematic literature review, we synthesize existing empirical work examining the intrapersonal processes mediating the relations between teacher motivation and teaching behaviour. Our review includes empirical work referring to core teacher motivation theories (social cognitive theory, situated expectancy-value theory, self-determination theory, and achievement goal theory). Following PRISMA guidelines, literature research in PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Scopus yielded an initial sample of 1607 records. After screening all records, 16 studies remained as eligible. Results of the review show that mediational processes between teacher motivation and teaching behaviour have not yet been addressed sufficiently. Studies focus more on teachers' self-efficacy and goals and the processes linking these to teaching behaviours rather than on teachers' value beliefs. Based on this review, we propose a heuristic model explaining how and why different components of teacher motivation relate to specific teaching behaviours. This model and the underlying findings are of practical relevance, as they indicate that teachers’ self-efficacy and goals foster important cognitive (e.g., setting of evaluation standards), emotional (e.g., experience of certain emotions), and behavioural (e.g., engagement) processes relating to teaching behaviour. This implies that teacher education and training should focus simultaneously on these processes and the underlying competence beliefs and goals to enhance teaching quality.