Ana Gabriela Alves Pereira, Gabriela Oliveira Gonçalves Molino, Ana Clara Felix de Farias Santos, Maírla Marina Ferreira Dias, Nicole Dos Santos Pimenta, Pedro Henrique Costa Matos da Silva
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This study assessed the effectiveness of vitamin C supplementation, both alone and with vitamin E, in preventing preterm birth compared to a placebo.</p><p><strong>Data source: </strong>Databases were systematically searched in PubMed, Cochrane and Embase in December 2023 and updated in May 2024.</p><p><strong>Study selection: </strong>Included RCTs evaluated vitamin C's effect on preterm birth and related neonatal outcomes.</p><p><strong>Data collect: </strong>Statistical analyses used a random-effects model for pooled risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Heterogeneity was assessed with the I² statistic.</p><p><strong>Data synthesis: </strong>Seventeen RCTs (21,567 patients) were analyzed. Vitamin C supplementation showed no significant difference compared to placebo for preterm birth (RR 1.04; 95% CI 0.96, 1.14). No significant differences were observed for neonatal death (RR 0.77; 95% CI 0.55, 1.08), NICU admission (RR 1.03; 95% CI 0.95, 1.13), preterm PROM (RR 1.04; 95% CI 0.63, 1.71), or birth weight (MD 52.41; 95% CI -19.65, 124.47). A slight decrease in gestational age was observed (MD 0.26; 95% CI -0.02, 0.55).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Vitamin C supplementation alone or in combination with vitamin E does not significantly prevent preterm birth or improve related neonatal outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":74699,"journal":{"name":"Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia","volume":"47 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12204115/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Efficacy of vitamin C supplementation during pregnancy in the prevention of preterm birth: a systematic review and meta-analysis.\",\"authors\":\"Ana Gabriela Alves Pereira, Gabriela Oliveira Gonçalves Molino, Ana Clara Felix de Farias Santos, Maírla Marina Ferreira Dias, Nicole Dos Santos Pimenta, Pedro Henrique Costa Matos da Silva\",\"doi\":\"10.61622/rbgo/2025rbgo1\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Preterm birth is a leading global cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity, with oxidative stress playing a role in its pathogenesis. Vitamin C, a powerful antioxidant, may help reduce this risk. This study assessed the effectiveness of vitamin C supplementation, both alone and with vitamin E, in preventing preterm birth compared to a placebo.</p><p><strong>Data source: </strong>Databases were systematically searched in PubMed, Cochrane and Embase in December 2023 and updated in May 2024.</p><p><strong>Study selection: </strong>Included RCTs evaluated vitamin C's effect on preterm birth and related neonatal outcomes.</p><p><strong>Data collect: </strong>Statistical analyses used a random-effects model for pooled risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Heterogeneity was assessed with the I² statistic.</p><p><strong>Data synthesis: </strong>Seventeen RCTs (21,567 patients) were analyzed. Vitamin C supplementation showed no significant difference compared to placebo for preterm birth (RR 1.04; 95% CI 0.96, 1.14). No significant differences were observed for neonatal death (RR 0.77; 95% CI 0.55, 1.08), NICU admission (RR 1.03; 95% CI 0.95, 1.13), preterm PROM (RR 1.04; 95% CI 0.63, 1.71), or birth weight (MD 52.41; 95% CI -19.65, 124.47). A slight decrease in gestational age was observed (MD 0.26; 95% CI -0.02, 0.55).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Vitamin C supplementation alone or in combination with vitamin E does not significantly prevent preterm birth or improve related neonatal outcomes.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":74699,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia\",\"volume\":\"47 \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-03-17\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12204115/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.61622/rbgo/2025rbgo1\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2025/1/1 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"eCollection\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.61622/rbgo/2025rbgo1","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
目的：早产是全球新生儿死亡和发病的主要原因，氧化应激在其发病机制中起作用。维生素C是一种强大的抗氧化剂，可以帮助降低这种风险。本研究评估了单独补充维生素C和补充维生素E与安慰剂相比在预防早产方面的效果。数据来源：2023年12月系统检索PubMed、Cochrane和Embase数据库，2024年5月更新。研究选择：纳入的随机对照试验评估了维生素C对早产和相关新生儿结局的影响。数据收集：统计分析使用随机效应模型进行合并风险比（RR）和95%置信区间（CI）。异质性评价采用I²统计量。数据综合：17项随机对照试验（21,567例患者）进行了分析。与安慰剂相比，补充维生素C对早产无显著性差异(RR 1.04；95% ci 0.96, 1.14)。新生儿死亡率无显著差异(RR 0.77；95% CI 0.55, 1.08)，新生儿重症监护病房入院(RR 1.03；95% CI 0.95, 1.13)，早产早PROM (RR 1.04；95% CI 0.63, 1.71)或出生体重(MD 52.41；95% ci -19.65, 124.47)。观察到胎龄轻微下降(MD 0.26；95% ci -0.02, 0.55)。结论：单独补充维生素C或与维生素E联合补充维生素C不能显著预防早产或改善相关的新生儿结局。
Efficacy of vitamin C supplementation during pregnancy in the prevention of preterm birth: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Objective: Preterm birth is a leading global cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity, with oxidative stress playing a role in its pathogenesis. Vitamin C, a powerful antioxidant, may help reduce this risk. This study assessed the effectiveness of vitamin C supplementation, both alone and with vitamin E, in preventing preterm birth compared to a placebo.
Data source: Databases were systematically searched in PubMed, Cochrane and Embase in December 2023 and updated in May 2024.
Study selection: Included RCTs evaluated vitamin C's effect on preterm birth and related neonatal outcomes.
Data collect: Statistical analyses used a random-effects model for pooled risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Heterogeneity was assessed with the I² statistic.
Data synthesis: Seventeen RCTs (21,567 patients) were analyzed. Vitamin C supplementation showed no significant difference compared to placebo for preterm birth (RR 1.04; 95% CI 0.96, 1.14). No significant differences were observed for neonatal death (RR 0.77; 95% CI 0.55, 1.08), NICU admission (RR 1.03; 95% CI 0.95, 1.13), preterm PROM (RR 1.04; 95% CI 0.63, 1.71), or birth weight (MD 52.41; 95% CI -19.65, 124.47). A slight decrease in gestational age was observed (MD 0.26; 95% CI -0.02, 0.55).
Conclusion: Vitamin C supplementation alone or in combination with vitamin E does not significantly prevent preterm birth or improve related neonatal outcomes.
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