水果成熟的机制:整合植物激素、转录因子和表观遗传修饰。

IF 6.6 2区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Chengpeng Yang, Shiyu Ying, Beibei Tang, Chuying Yu, Yikui Wang, Mengbo Wu, Mingchun Liu
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引用次数: 0

摘要

果实成熟是一个复杂的发育过程,受到激素串扰、转录网络和表观遗传修饰的严格调控,在更年期和非更年期物种之间存在显著差异。在番茄、苹果和香蕉等更年期水果中,乙烯作为主要调控因子,通过ACS/ACO基因驱动自催化生物合成,并激活由MADS-box (RIN)、NAC (NOR)和erf家族转录因子介导的分层转录级联反应。这些途径被表观遗传重编程放大,包括成熟相关启动子的DNA去甲基化和组蛋白乙酰化,从而增强染色质可及性,促进基因表达。相反,非更年期水果如草莓和葡萄主要依赖脱落酸(ABA)来协调成熟。激素的相互作用——如更年期水果系统中的乙烯- aba协同作用——进一步微调了成熟动力学。基于crispr的基因编辑和表观基因组工程技术的进步,现在可以精确地操纵这些途径,为减少采后损失、提高营养质量和提高气候适应能力提供变革性的解决方案。这篇综述整合了跨物种的机制见解,强调将基础发现转化为可持续农业创新的机会,从培育营养丰富的品种到优化全球粮食安全的采后技术。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The mechanistic insights into fruit ripening: integrating phytohormones, transcription factors, and epigenetic modification.

Fruit ripening is a complex developmental process tightly regulated by hormonal crosstalk, transcriptional networks, and epigenetic modifications, with striking divergence between climacteric and non-climacteric species. In climacteric fruits, such as tomatoes, apples, and bananas, ethylene acts as the master regulator, driving autocatalytic biosynthesis through ACS/ACO genes and activating hierarchical transcriptional cascades mediated by MADS-box (RIN), NAC (NOR), and ERF-family transcription factors. These pathways are amplified by epigenetic reprogramming, including DNA demethylation at ripening-related promoters and histone acetylation, which enhance chromatin accessibility to facilitate gene expression. Conversely, non-climacteric fruits like strawberries and grapes predominantly rely on abscisic acid (ABA) to coordinate ripening. Hormonal interplay-such as ethylene-ABA synergy in climacteric fruits systems-further fine-tunes ripening dynamics. Advances in CRISPR-based gene editing and epigenome engineering now enable precise manipulation of these pathways, offering transformative solutions to reduce postharvest losses, enhance nutritional quality, and improve climate resilience. This review integrates mechanistic insights across species, emphasizing opportunities to translate fundamental discoveries into sustainable agricultural innovations, from breeding nutrient-rich cultivars to optimizing postharvest technologies for global food security.

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来源期刊
Journal of Genetics and Genomics
Journal of Genetics and Genomics 生物-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
8.20
自引率
3.40%
发文量
4756
审稿时长
14 days
期刊介绍: The Journal of Genetics and Genomics (JGG, formerly known as Acta Genetica Sinica ) is an international journal publishing peer-reviewed articles of novel and significant discoveries in the fields of genetics and genomics. Topics of particular interest include but are not limited to molecular genetics, developmental genetics, cytogenetics, epigenetics, medical genetics, population and evolutionary genetics, genomics and functional genomics as well as bioinformatics and computational biology.
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