调节植物结构,提高未来谷类作物生产。

IF 5.4 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES
Nitika Sandhu, Hitashi Aggarwal, Aman Kumar, Gaurav Augustine, Ritika Vishnoi, Ajay Kumar Pandey, Harsh Chauhan, Parveen Chhuneja
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引用次数: 0

摘要

水稻、小麦、玉米和大麦等谷类作物是全世界数百万人重要的食物和收入来源。谷类植物的结构,包括它们的高度、分枝模式和花序结构,对于决定它们的产量潜力、对不同环境的适应性以及对生物和非生物胁迫的抗性至关重要。提高谷物产量对于满足不断增长的人口的粮食需求、刺激经济增长和确保可持续农业至关重要。谷类植物的结构是由遗传、环境和激素因素共同塑造的。虽然遗传因素是决定植物结构的基础,但环境条件可以影响基因表达,导致不同的表型结果。生长素、细胞分裂素和赤霉素等激素调节植物结构的关键方面,包括根和芽的生长、叶子的扩张和分支。此外,油菜素内酯和独角麦内酯信号通路参与谷类作物分蘖发育。本文综述了谷物植物结构的最新研究进展,重点介绍了遗传、环境和激素的调控。了解这些因素有助于培育产量更高、抗逆境能力更强的谷物新品种,从而在气候变化和人口增长的背景下促进全球粮食安全和可持续性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Regulating Plant Architecture to Enhance the Future of Cereal Crop Production.

Cereal crops such as rice, wheat, maize, and barley are vital sources of food and income for millions of people worldwide. The architecture of cereal plants, encompassing their height, branching patterns, and inflorescence structure, is crucial in determining their yield potential, adaptability to different environments, and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Boosting cereal production is essential to meet the food demands of a growing population, stimulate economic growth, and ensure sustainable agriculture. Cereal plant architecture is shaped by a combination of genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors. While genetic factors are fundamental in determining plant structure, environmental conditions can influence gene expression, leading to different phenotypic outcomes. Hormones like auxin, cytokinin, and gibberellin regulate key aspects of plant architecture, including root and shoot growth, leaf expansion, and branching. Additionally, brassinosteroids and strigolactone signaling pathways are involved in tiller development in cereal crops. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the latest research on cereal plant architecture, emphasizing the genetic, environmental, and hormonal regulation. Understanding these factors can support the creation of new cereal varieties with enhanced yield and stress tolerance, contributing to global food security and sustainability amid climate change and population growth.

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来源期刊
Physiologia plantarum
Physiologia plantarum 生物-植物科学
CiteScore
11.00
自引率
3.10%
发文量
224
审稿时长
3.9 months
期刊介绍: Physiologia Plantarum is an international journal committed to publishing the best full-length original research papers that advance our understanding of primary mechanisms of plant development, growth and productivity as well as plant interactions with the biotic and abiotic environment. All organisational levels of experimental plant biology – from molecular and cell biology, biochemistry and biophysics to ecophysiology and global change biology – fall within the scope of the journal. The content is distributed between 5 main subject areas supervised by Subject Editors specialised in the respective domain: (1) biochemistry and metabolism, (2) ecophysiology, stress and adaptation, (3) uptake, transport and assimilation, (4) development, growth and differentiation, (5) photobiology and photosynthesis.
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