A multi-criteria analytical hierarchy process framework for the design of Türkiye's transcontinental hydrogen pipeline corridor

This study presents a comprehensive and analytically robust framework for the design of a multi-stage Hydrogen Pipeline Corridor to facilitate the intercontinental transfer of green hydrogen from energy-rich Asia to Europe, where energy demand is steadily increasing. Within the context of multi-criteria decision-making, the Analytical Hierarchy Process was employed to evaluate four main criteria: energy production potential, energy consumption potential, renewable energy capacity, and industrial development combined with population density. The respective weights of these criteria were calculated as 55 %, 25 %, 6 %, and 14 %. Regional priorities were established, and statistical robustness was ensured through bootstrap analysis, yielding 95 % confidence intervals for regional scores and revealing significant differences among regions. The interconnections and relative contributions of cities were visualized using a Sankey diagram, providing a holistic view of supply-demand dynamics. Scenario-based cost–benefit and cost–performance analyses indicate that, under optimistic assumptions, the benefit/cost ratios reach 0.53 for the primary corridor, 0.64 for the secondary corridor, and 0.54 for the tertiary corridor. By replacing fossil-based hydrogen flows with green hydrogen, the proposed HPC has the potential to abate approximately 5 tCO₂ per tonne of hydrogen transported, contributing significantly to Europe's decarbonization efforts. Furthermore, the corridor is projected to generate annual revenues up to 1.8 billion € under optimistic scenarios, enhancing supply diversification and leveraging Türkiye's unique transcontinental position as a strategic energy bridge. These findings offer actionable insights for policymakers and investors, supporting the feasibility and scalability of large-scale hydrogen infrastructure planning in Türkiye and the broader region.