近日轨道小行星家族的颜色和动力学:2021 PH27和2025 GN1

Scott S. Sheppard, Henry H. Hsieh, Petr Pokorný, David J. Tholen, Audrey Thirouin, Carlos Contreras, Marcelo D. Mora, Mauricio Martinez and Ivonne Toro
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摘要

我们观测了动态相似的近日小行星2021 PH27和2025 GN1的光学颜色。这些天体的半长轴是所有小行星中已知的最低的。在所有已知的太阳系天体中,2021 PH27具有最大的广义相对论效应。小的半长轴和非常接近太阳的路径表明,极端的热和引力环境应该高度改变这些小行星的表面。从g ' -, r ' -, i ‘ -和z ’波段成像,我们发现2021 PH27(,和mag)的颜色介于两种主要的小行星类型:S和C类之间。光谱斜率为每100 nm 6.8±0.03%,2021 PH27是一颗x型小行星,需要反照率或光谱特征来进一步识别其成分。我们发现动态相似的2025 GN1也与2021 PH27有着非常相似的颜色(和),这表明这些物体是曾经更大的母小行星的碎片,或者2021 PH27正在脱落物质。这些颜色不像其他一些近日小行星(如3200 Phaethon)那样是蓝色的,这被解释为由于极端温度导致红色物质的损失。没有证据表明2021 PH27有活动或大振幅期,而2025 GN1可能有更显著的旋转光曲线。2025 GN1可能会在2300年左右非常近距离地遇到或撞击金星,并可能在最后~ 10年与2021 PH27分离。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Colors and Dynamics of a Near-Sun Orbital Asteroid Family: 2021 PH27 and 2025 GN1
We observed the dynamically similar near-Sun asteroids 2021 PH27 and 2025 GN1 for their optical colors. These objects have the lowest known semimajor axes of any asteroids. 2021 PH27 has the largest general relativistic effects of any known solar system object. The small semimajor axis and very close passage to the Sun suggest the extreme thermal and gravitational environment should highly modify these asteroids’ surfaces. From g’-, r’-, i’-, and z’-band imaging, we find the colors of 2021 PH27 ( , , and mag) to be between the two major asteroid types: the S and C classes. With a spectral slope of 6.8 ± 0.03 percent per 100 nm, 2021 PH27 is an X-type asteroid and requires albedo or spectral features to further identify its composition. We find the dynamically similar 2025 GN1 also has very similar colors ( and ) as 2021 PH27, suggesting these objects are fragments from a once larger parent asteroid or 2021 PH27 is shedding material. The colors are not blue like some other near-Sun asteroids such as 3200 Phaethon that have been interpreted to be from the loss of reddening substances from the extreme temperatures. There is no evidence of activity or a large amplitude period for 2021 PH27, whereas 2025 GN1 might have a more significant rotational light curve. 2025 GN1 may have a very close encounter or hit Venus in about 2300 yr and likely separated from 2021 PH27 in the last ∼10 kyr.
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