多层SiO2/三聚氰胺泡沫复合材料具有优异的隔热、阻燃和弹性

IF 5.6 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Ceramics International Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI:10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.03.146

Chongying Wu , Kai Xu , Zhaofeng Chen , Shijie Chen , Qiong Wu , Jingyi Xie , Ao Liu , Chengqian Bian , Yucheng Guo , Xingyu Wang

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引用次数: 0

摘要

在保温隔热和提高能源效率的关键领域，气凝胶复合材料已成为不可或缺的创新组件。然而，针对弹性和阻燃气凝胶材料的研究仍然相对有限。在此基础上，研制了两种新型的多层二氧化硅三聚氰胺泡沫多尺度增强气凝胶复合材料（MS/MF）和气相二氧化硅三聚氰胺泡沫复合材料（FS/MF）。合成的FS/MF和MS/MF复合材料的导热系数分别为26 mW/（m·K）和16 mW/(m·K)，表现出优异的保温性能。与原始泡沫相比，二氧化硅纳米颗粒的掺入显著提高了它们的抗压强度；FS/MF表现出21.5倍的增加（315 kPa），而MS/MF表现出更明显的72.4倍的增加（1027 kPa）。由于FS的聚集倾向较高，因此在燃烧过程中形成更致密、更有效的炭保护。结果表明，随着MS/MF中FS含量的增加，MS/MF的阻燃性提高，MS/MF-6的LOI值达到33%，阻燃性能优异。这些特性进一步补充了复合材料出色的疏水性、高弹性和仅17 mg/cm3的超轻密度。这种多功能气凝胶材料的成功开发为先进阻燃保温材料的设计和生产带来了希望。

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Multilevel SiO2/melamine foam composites towards exceptional thermal insulation, flame retardancy and elasticity

In the critical domain of thermal insulation and energy efficiency enhancement, aerogel composite materials have emerged as indispensable and innovative components. However, studies focusing on elastic and fire-retardant aerogel materials remain relatively limited. Herein, two novel aerogel composites multiscale reinforced by melamine foam with multilevel silica (MS/MF) and melamine foam composite with fumed silica (FS/MF) were developed. The synthesized FS/MF and MS/MF composites exhibit remarkably low thermal conductivities of 26 and 16 mW/(m·K), respectively, highlighting their exceptional thermal insulation properties. The incorporation of silica nanoparticles significantly enhances their compressive strength compared to pristine foam; FS/MF demonstrates a 21.5-fold increase (315 kPa), while MS/MF shows an even more pronounced 72.4-fold enhancement (1027 kPa). Due to the higher aggregation tendency of FS, it forms a denser and more effective char protection during combustion. As a result, as the FS content in MS/MF increases, the flame retardancy of MS/MF improves, with the LOI value of MS/MF-6 reaching 33 %, indicating excellent flame-retardant performance. These attributes are further complemented by the composites' outstanding hydrophobic behavior, high resilience, and ultra-light density of just 17 mg/cm³. The successful development of this multifunctional aerogel material holds promise for the design and production of advanced flame-retardant thermal insulation materials.

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来源期刊

Ceramics International 工程技术-材料科学：硅酸盐

CiteScore

9.40

自引率

15.40%

发文量

4558

审稿时长

25 days

期刊介绍： Ceramics International covers the science of advanced ceramic materials. The journal encourages contributions that demonstrate how an understanding of the basic chemical and physical phenomena may direct materials design and stimulate ideas for new or improved processing techniques, in order to obtain materials with desired structural features and properties. Ceramics International covers oxide and non-oxide ceramics, functional glasses, glass ceramics, amorphous inorganic non-metallic materials (and their combinations with metal and organic materials), in the form of particulates, dense or porous bodies, thin/thick films and laminated, graded and composite structures. Process related topics such as ceramic-ceramic joints or joining ceramics with dissimilar materials, as well as surface finishing and conditioning are also covered. Besides traditional processing techniques, manufacturing routes of interest include innovative procedures benefiting from externally applied stresses, electromagnetic fields and energetic beams, as well as top-down and self-assembly nanotechnology approaches. In addition, the journal welcomes submissions on bio-inspired and bio-enabled materials designs, experimentally validated multi scale modelling and simulation for materials design, and the use of the most advanced chemical and physical characterization techniques of structure, properties and behaviour. Technologically relevant low-dimensional systems are a particular focus of Ceramics International. These include 0, 1 and 2-D nanomaterials (also covering CNTs, graphene and related materials, and diamond-like carbons), their nanocomposites, as well as nano-hybrids and hierarchical multifunctional nanostructures that might integrate molecular, biological and electronic components.