Omnipotent nanosized zeolites: A next-generation nanoplatform for biomedical applications

Zeolites are a group of natural minerals and synthetic materials with unique crystal structures and remarkable properties. Recently, nanosized zeolites have received great research attention and there has been remarkable progress both in the fabrication strategies and advanced applications of these nanosized zeolites. Zeolites can be microporous or mesoporous with high surface area and various porous structures. Zeolites have been successfully demonstrated in various applications, particularly in biomedical applications. It is shown that zeolites, especially nanosized zeolites are designed to deliver various therapeutic agents to target sites in a controlled manner, where nanosized zeolites exhibit promising performance in drug delivery systems, photodynamic therapy, cancer treatment, biomolecule detection, etc. This article provides an overview of the latest advancements in the synthesis of nanosized zeolites with different types, including diverse fabrication strategies such as template-free method, surfactant-assisted method, seed-assisted crystallization, top-down method, etc. Additionally, we discussed the representative examples of using different types of nanosized zeolites in biomedical applications, which reveals the promising potential of nanosized zeolites. At last, we explore current challenges and opportunities regarding on the synthetic strategies and future development aspects. By identifying gaps in current understanding and future research directions, this timely review aims to foster the development of nanosized zeolites and stimulate further exploration and innovation in the realm of biomedical applications.