Mn²⁺ doping optimization strategy for MoS₂ substrates to amplified SERS sensitivity of antibiotic pollutants

Semiconductor surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technology is a flexible and efficient optical detection method, showing excellent application prospects in the detection of emerging antibiotic pollutants. However, due to the extremely complex and trace chemical components of antibiotics, it is difficult to obtain accurate spectral information of the molecules to be detected. Therefore, achieving high-sensitivity detection of antibiotic pollutants in actual environments using semiconductor SERS technology remains a huge challenge. To address the above challenges, we propose a novel optimization strategy of introducing Mn^2 + doping into the semiconductor MoS₂ substrates. This method can not only effectively enrich active centers, positively impact optical properties, and significantly enhance SERS performance, but also endow the substrate structure (Mn-MoS₂) with magnetism, facilitating its recovery in practical applications and significantly improving recycling efficiency. Additionally, through experiments, we found that the Mn-MoS₂ substrate achieves an effective charge transfer resonance effect with antibiotic chlorothalonil molecules, overcoming the difficulty of low detection sensitivity. This strategy is expected to promote the in-depth application of semiconductor SERS technology in antibiotic pollutant detection.