慢性运动干预对健康老年人执行功能和最佳训练特征的影响：基于随机对照试验的系统综述。

IF 3.3 2区心理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Psychology of Sport and Exercise Pub Date : 2025-06-25 DOI:10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102925

Chih-Chien Lin , Shih-Chun Kao , Ting-Yu Chueh , Tsung-Min Hung

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引用次数: 0

摘要

在老龄化社会中，减轻认知能力下降是一项重大挑战。然而，对健康老年人的运动效果和最佳参数的评论仍然有限。本系统综述评估了慢性运动干预对健康老年人执行功能的影响。按照PRISMA指南，我们在PROSPERO注册了这篇综述（CRD42024618878），并检索了Scopus、PubMed、EBSCOhost和其他在2024年12月之前发表的研究。我们纳入了随机对照试验，涉及年龄≥60岁的成年人，干预前和干预后的执行功能测量，比较慢性运动和非运动对照组。涉及身体或神经疾病或急性干预的研究被排除在外。通过Cochrane RoB 2工具评估偏倚风险。数据综合遵循PICOS框架，具有叙述性和定量摘要。共有76项研究(n = 7101；69%为女性)符合纳入标准。其中，71%（54/76）患者的执行功能有显著改善。有氧运动、阻力运动和协调性运动的效果相似（64%-71%）。最佳参数包括短疗程（≤45分钟）、高疗程（5-7次/周）、长疗程（25-48周）和剧烈强度。高依从性似乎可以提高疗效。这些发现支持慢性运动是改善健康老年人执行功能的有效策略，并强调了运动类型、剂量和坚持在促进健康老龄化中的重要性。

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The effects of chronic exercise interventions on executive function in healthy older adults and optimal training characteristics: A systematic review based on randomized controlled trials

In an aging society, mitigating cognitive decline is a critical challenge. However, reviews on exercise effects and optimal parameters for healthy older adults remain limited. This systematic review evaluated the effects of chronic exercise interventions on executive function in healthy older adults. Following PRISMA guidelines, we registered the review with PROSPERO (CRD42024618878) and searched Scopus, PubMed, EBSCOhost, and other sources for studies published before December 2024. We included randomized controlled trials involving adults aged ≥60, with pre- and post-intervention executive function measures, comparing chronic exercise with non-exercise controls. Studies involving physical or neurological conditions or acute interventions were excluded. Risk of bias was assessed via Cochrane RoB 2 tool. Data synthesis followed the PICOS framework, with narrative and quantitative summaries. A total of 76 studies (n = 7101; 69 % female) met inclusion criteria. Of these, 71 % (54/76) showed significant improvements in executive function. Aerobic, resistance, and coordination exercises had similar effects (64 %–71 %). Optimal parameters included short session duration (≤45 min), high frequency (5–7/week), long-term duration (25–48 weeks), and vigorous intensity. High adherence appeared to enhance outcomes. These findings support chronic exercise as an effective strategy to improve executive function in healthy older adults and highlight the importance of exercise type, dosage, and adherence in promoting healthy aging.

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来源期刊

Psychology of Sport and Exercise 医学-心理学

CiteScore

6.40

自引率

5.90%

发文量

172

审稿时长

69 days

期刊介绍： Psychology of Sport and Exercise is an international forum for scholarly reports in the psychology of sport and exercise, broadly defined. The journal is open to the use of diverse methodological approaches. Manuscripts that will be considered for publication will present results from high quality empirical research, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, commentaries concerning already published PSE papers or topics of general interest for PSE readers, protocol papers for trials, and reports of professional practice (which will need to demonstrate academic rigour and go beyond mere description). The CONSORT guidelines consort-statement need to be followed for protocol papers for trials; authors should present a flow diagramme and attach with their cover letter the CONSORT checklist. For meta-analysis, the PRISMA prisma-statement guidelines should be followed; authors should present a flow diagramme and attach with their cover letter the PRISMA checklist. For systematic reviews it is recommended that the PRISMA guidelines are followed, although it is not compulsory. Authors interested in submitting replications of published studies need to contact the Editors-in-Chief before they start their replication. We are not interested in manuscripts that aim to test the psychometric properties of an existing scale from English to another language, unless new validation methods are used which address previously unanswered research questions.