视频助理裁判（VAR）是强者的障碍和弱者的保护吗？土耳其超级联赛的案例。

IF 3.3 2区心理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Psychology of Sport and Exercise Pub Date : 2025-06-24 DOI:10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102924

Ümit Kuvvetli , Esin Firuzan , Ali Riza Firuzan

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引用次数: 0

摘要

视频助理裁判（VAR）是一项自2018年以来在各个国家和国际组织中使用的技术，旨在最大限度地减少裁判在比赛中做出的关键决定对比赛结果的影响。该系统的主要目的是为了保证公平，本研究旨在研究VAR在强队与弱队比赛中的效果。为此，我们分析了土耳其超级联赛的3329场比赛（var前4个赛季，1224场比赛，var后6个赛季，2105场比赛）的数据。与其他球队相比，被称为“四大豪门”的球队在经济、媒体、球迷数量等方面都处于非常有利的地位。运用各种统计比较分析、多元有序回归和相对优势比等方法，研究结果显示，四大球队在VAR后主场优势下降，而与文献相反，实力较弱的球队主场优势增加。此外，我们还发现德比中主场优势的下降幅度大于其他比赛。研究结果清楚地表明，VAR对不同特征的比赛有不同的影响。研究结果可以帮助我们更好地理解VAR对职业足球的影响，也可以帮助裁判在不同实力球队之间的比赛中优化裁判策略。

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Is Video Assistant Referee (VAR) a disadvantage for the strong and a protection for the weak? The case of Turkish Super League

Video Assistant Referee (VAR) is a technology that has been used in various national and international organizations since 2018 to minimize the effect of critical decisions made by referees during the match on outcome of the game. The main purpose of this system is to ensure justice, and this study aims to investigate the effect of VAR in matches played between strong teams and weak teams. For this purpose, the data of a total of 3329 matches (pre-VAR, 4 seasons and 1224 matches and after-VAR, 6 seasons, 2105 matches) played in the Turkish Super League, where the teams called the Big 4 are in a very strong position (economic, media, number of fans, etc.) compared to other teams, were analyzed. The results of the study, in which various statistical comparison analyses, multiple ordinal regression and relative odds ratio values are used, show that the home advantage of the Big 4 decreased after VAR and contrary to the literature, the home advantage of the weaker teams increased. Moreover, it is found that the home advantage decreases more in derby matches compared to other matches. The results of the study clearly show that VAR has a different effect on matches with different characteristics. The results of the research can help to better understand the effect of VAR on professional football and may also help referees to optimize their refereeing strategy in matches between teams of different strengths.

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来源期刊

Psychology of Sport and Exercise 医学-心理学

CiteScore

6.40

自引率

5.90%

发文量

172

审稿时长

69 days

期刊介绍： Psychology of Sport and Exercise is an international forum for scholarly reports in the psychology of sport and exercise, broadly defined. The journal is open to the use of diverse methodological approaches. Manuscripts that will be considered for publication will present results from high quality empirical research, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, commentaries concerning already published PSE papers or topics of general interest for PSE readers, protocol papers for trials, and reports of professional practice (which will need to demonstrate academic rigour and go beyond mere description). The CONSORT guidelines consort-statement need to be followed for protocol papers for trials; authors should present a flow diagramme and attach with their cover letter the CONSORT checklist. For meta-analysis, the PRISMA prisma-statement guidelines should be followed; authors should present a flow diagramme and attach with their cover letter the PRISMA checklist. For systematic reviews it is recommended that the PRISMA guidelines are followed, although it is not compulsory. Authors interested in submitting replications of published studies need to contact the Editors-in-Chief before they start their replication. We are not interested in manuscripts that aim to test the psychometric properties of an existing scale from English to another language, unless new validation methods are used which address previously unanswered research questions.