Realistic 3D-printed sinus anatomical model and rigid nasal endoscopy: Unique approach to teach medical students intranasal anatomy

Purpose

The small and complex space of the intranasal cavity poses a challenge to teaching and learning sinonasal anatomy in undergraduate medical education. Evidence suggests that utilizing 3D-printed (3DP) models is an effective means to comprehend anatomical structures and their spatial relationships. In this study, we introduce and evaluate the educational value of rigid nasal endoscopy on realistic 3DP and silicone-cast sinus models as a method to teach medical students intranasal anatomy.

Methods

Twelve first-year medical students participated in an educational rigid-nasal endoscopy workshop led by Otolaryngology PGY-2 residents and rhinology consultants. The workshop consisted of (1) an introductory PowerPoint on rigid nasal endoscopy and basic intranasal anatomy, (2) timed trials that tested students' ability to locate intranasal anatomical structures while scoping with a rigid endoscope, and (3) pre- and post-surveys.

Results

Participants improved in their ability to locate each intranasal anatomical structure during the timed trials. Participants felt that rigid endoscopy of 3DP models was an effective method to learn intranasal anatomy compared to their traditional medical school anatomy course.

Conclusion

The results of this study suggest that rigid nasal endoscopy of 3DP sinus models is a potentially high-value educational method for teaching intranasal anatomy to first-year medical students. Students enjoyed the opportunity to learn intranasal anatomy while practicing a clinically relevant procedure - rigid nasal endoscopy.