Sustainable biomass materials: Active and intelligent packaging based on cellulose

With the continual enhancement of people's quality of life, global citizens are increasingly concerned about food quality and health. Packaging plays a pivotal role in the food circulation process, safeguarding products, facilitating storage and transportation, and preserving food quality. Agricultural resources are abundant in cellulose, and the adoption of cellulose packaging can effectively mitigate the proliferation of white pollution. As an innovative packaging solution, active packaging offers a safer means of inhibiting the growth and reproduction of various microorganisms in food, while intelligent packaging enables real-time monitoring and tracking of the entire transportation and storage process of food, allowing for adjustments based on real-time feedback. In this paper, we delve into the classification and sources of cellulose, the various types of cellulose-based active and intelligent packaging, and their latest research advancements. Furthermore, we discuss the challenges and prospects of cellulose-based active and smart packaging, offering valuable insights for their future development.