168奶牛代谢能摄入对杂交安格斯肉牛犊牛生长性能的影响

IF 2.9 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Journal of animal science Pub Date : 2025-06-27 DOI:10.1093/jas/skaf170.036

Mariana Eloisa Garcia Ascolani, Courtney M Williams, Corbit L Bayliff, Ryan R Reuter, Gerald W Horn, Carla L Goad, David L Lalman

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引用次数: 0

摘要

本试验旨在研究母体代谢能摄入量（MEI）对杂交安格斯牛及其犊牛能量分配和生产性能的影响。每年使用40头成年安格斯杂交泌乳期肉牛（6±2日龄，534±60公斤体重）及其哺乳犊牛（84±9日龄，130±15公斤体重）。按泌乳早期产奶量分层，随机分为5个代谢能摄入水平中的1个。第1年，母亲的MEI值在225 ~ 320 kcal·BW0.75·d-1之间，第2年的MEI值在215 ~ 288 kcal·BW0.75·d-1之间。犊牛饲喂与母牛相同的TMR饲粮，采用随意蠕变饲养法。评估的参数包括犊牛体重、超声胴体特征和犊牛蠕变采食量。数据分析采用SAS （SAS institute . Inc., Cary， NC）的GLIMMIX程序。最终模型将母体代谢能摄入的线性效应作为固定效应，实验年份作为随机效应。增加母体MEI对肋眼面积（P = 0.17）和背部脂肪（P = 0.22）没有影响，但以每100千卡母体MEI·BW0.75·d-1 0.1 cm的速率，臀部脂肪略有增加（线性P = 0.05）。当坝体接受230 kcal·BW0.75·d-1时，肌内脂肪呈曲线增加趋势（P = 0.10）。试验第100天犊牛体重增加0.185 kg /单位（P = 0.03），平均日增重呈线性增加趋势(P <；0.01)。增加母体MEI指数线性增加(P <；0.001)牛奶的能量利用率，因此，假设从牛奶中摄入的能量相应增加。犊牛蠕变饲料的MEI值无显著差异（P = 0.12），牛奶的MEI值呈线性增加(P <；0.001)，母体MEI指数升高。然而，犊牛的总能量效率随着母羊MEI的增加呈线性负向影响（P = 0.03）：当母羊能量摄入量每增加100 kcal·BW0.75·d-1，犊牛生长的总效率（g体重增重∙kcal MEI∙d-1）下降12.7%，尽管这100 kcal的母羊能量增加导致犊牛ADG提高13%，犊牛MEI提高30%。综上所述，增加母畜代谢能摄入量（MEI）对肉牛胴体特性的影响较小，对犊牛生长性能的总体影响为正，但对能量效率的影响较小。考虑到母体MEI指数和产奶量的遗传能力范围更广，需要更多的工作来表征哺乳早期的这些关系。

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168 Effect of cow metabolizable energy intake on calf growth performance in crossbred Angus beef cattle

A two-yr experiment was conducted to determine the impact of maternal metabolizable energy intake (MEI) on energy partitioning and performance of crossbred Angus cows and their calves. Forty mature crossbred Angus lactating beef cows (6±2 y, 534±60 kg BW) were used each year along with their suckling steer calves (84±9 d, 130±15 kg BW). Cows were stratified by early-lactation milk yield and randomly assigned to 1 of 5 levels of metabolizable energy intake. During yr 1, maternal MEI ranged from 225 to 320 kcal·BW0.75·d-1, while in yr 2, MEI ranged from 215 to 288 kcal·BW0.75·d-1. Calves received the same TMR diet as the cows via creep feeding ad libitum. Parameters evaluated included calf BW, ultrasound carcass characteristics, and calf creep feed intake. Data was analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS (SAS Inst. Inc., Cary, NC). The final model included the linear effect of maternal metabolizable energy intake as a fixed effect and year of experiment as a random effect. Increasing maternal MEI did not affect rib eye area (P = 0.17) nor back fat (P = 0.22) although rump fat increased slightly (linear P = 0.05) at the rate of 0.1 cm per 100 kcal maternal MEI·BW0.75·d-1. Intramuscular fat tended (P = 0.10) to increase in a curvilinear fashion when the dam received >230 kcal·BW0.75·d-1. Calf BW adjusted to 100 d of experiment linearly increased (P = 0.03) by 0.185 kg per unit increase in maternal MEI, with ADG showing a similar trend (P < 0.01). Increasing maternal MEI linearly increased (P < 0.001) milk energy availability and therefore, it was assumed that energy intake from milk increased accordingly. While calf MEI from creep feed was not different (P = 0.12), MEI from milk linearly increased (P < 0.001) with increased maternal MEI. However, the overall energy efficiency of the calves was linearly and negatively affected (P = 0.03) with increasing maternal MEI: the overall efficiency of calf growth (g BW gain∙kcal MEI∙d-1) decreased by 12.7% when maternal energy intake was increased by 100 kcal·BW0.75·d-1, although this 100 kcal increase in maternal energy resulted in a 13% improvement in Calf ADG and a 30% increase in calf MEI. In conclusion, increasing maternal metabolizable energy intake (MEI) in beef cows had a minor effect on carcass characteristics and an overall positive impact on calf growth performance, but with diminishing returns in terms of energy efficiency. More work is needed to characterize these relationships during early lactation and given a wider range in both maternal MEI and genetic capacity for milk yield.

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来源期刊

Journal of animal science 农林科学-奶制品与动物科学

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

12.10%

发文量

1589

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Animal Science (JAS) is the premier journal for animal science and serves as the leading source of new knowledge and perspective in this area. JAS publishes more than 500 fully reviewed research articles, invited reviews, technical notes, and letters to the editor each year. Articles published in JAS encompass a broad range of research topics in animal production and fundamental aspects of genetics, nutrition, physiology, and preparation and utilization of animal products. Articles typically report research with beef cattle, companion animals, goats, horses, pigs, and sheep; however, studies involving other farm animals, aquatic and wildlife species, and laboratory animal species that address fundamental questions related to livestock and companion animal biology will be considered for publication.